Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
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Spine injury epidemiology in Japan has not been studied since the 1990s when its incidence was 39.4-40.2 per million and the major cause of injury was motor vehicle crashes. We elucidate the current epidemiological state of spinal injury and spinal injury patients in Japan for the clinicians and public health prevention programs. ⋯ The number of spine injuries has increased in the JTDB between 2004 and 2013. Motor vehicle crashes have been replaced by falls due to various causes as the leading cause of spine injury. Suicides and industrial accidents are becoming a burden. More studies are needed to verify the actual incidence.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of various hip preservation treatments for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a refractory osteonecrosis disease caused by an abnormal blood supply to bone tissue. However, therapeutic hip preservation strategies are diverse, and the therapeutic outcomes are not ideal. ⋯ CD plus cytotherapy is a relatively superior treatment for reducing treatment failure rates in early and intermediate ONFH patients, and ESWT is the most effective treatment for improving Harris hip scores.
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Botulinum toxin A treatment involves injecting botulinum toxin A to relax muscle spasticity. Using ultrasonography, this study examined changes in the muscle architecture before and after treatment to evaluate the influence of botulinum toxin A injection on muscles. ⋯ The decrease in the pennation angle after botulinum toxin A treatment is considered to be the result of a reduction of spasticity and subsequent structural changes in flaccid muscle fibers.
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Fall-induced injuries represent a major public health concern for older individuals. The relationship between risk of falling and the severity of locomotive syndrome (LS) remains largely unknown. ⋯ Postoperative patients with cervical myelopathy had a 62% prevalence of LS. The GLFS-25 may be useful to predict the risk of recurrent falls in patients with cervical myelopathy.
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Management of a displaced comminuted patellar fractures is challenging, and various surgical fixation methods have been suggested. However, issues of loss of reduction and breakage of fixatives have not yet been resolved. In the current study, we describe a new technique for exposure and stabilization of comminuted patellar fractures and evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of this new treatment. ⋯ Articular fixations with headless compression screws under direct visual reduction of the articular surface resulted in good clinical outcomes and were considered clinically effective for comminuted patellar fractures.