Annals of surgery
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The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the scores from "key feature" cases in the self-assessment of colon and rectal surgeons. ⋯ The self-assessment of surgical specialists, in this case colorectal surgeons, using KF cases is possible and yielded reliable and valid scores.
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In this study, we tested the hypothesis that 17beta-estradiol (E2) administration after trauma-hemorrhage reduces lung injury through a mechanism involving estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent activation of the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)/protein kinase G (PKG)/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) pathway. ⋯ These results collectively suggest that activation of the eNOS-PKG/VASP pathway by E2 protects against trauma-hemorrhage-induced lung injury.