Annals of surgery
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The authors assessed the long-term pain relief after local nerve blocks or neurectomy in patients suffering from chronic pain because of Pfannenstiel-induced nerve entrapment. ⋯ Peripheral nerve blocking provides long-term pain reduction in some individuals. An iliohypogastric or ilioinguinal nerve neurectomy is a safe and effective procedure in most remaining patients.
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Eliminating health care disparities in the United States will require a multifaceted approach that will include increasing diversity in the health care workforce. Historically, the field of medicine, and particularly surgery, has had an incumbent that grossly misrepresents the patient population. Delineating the exact demographics of the U.S. surgical residents and faculty could provide outstanding information, yielding insight into a possible deficit that, if rectified by the medical education system, could change the face of surgery and the entire health care system. ⋯ Academic surgery is exceedingly deficient of minority residents, junior faculty, and professors. Correcting this misrepresentation would facilitate establishing a more culturally and ethnically sensitive health care environment for patients who otherwise would not seek care. Additionally, with more minority academic surgeons, there will likely be a commensurate increase in investigative studies highlighting minority specific health care needs and provide additional role models and mentors for future minority surgeons.
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To investigate the effects of high-lipid enteral nutrition in a setting of developing inflammation and tissue damage. ⋯ High-lipid enteral nutrition given postshock reduces inflammation and preserves tissue integrity via a CCK-receptor-dependent mechanism. These findings implicate that intervention with high-lipid enteral nutrition following events such as severe trauma is a potential therapy to attenuate the developing inflammatory response.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of a perioperative smoking cessation intervention on postoperative complications: a randomized trial.
To determine whether an intervention with smoking cessation starting 4 weeks before general and orthopedic surgery would reduce the frequency of postoperative complications. ⋯ Perioperative smoking cessation seems to be an effective tool to reduce postoperative complications even if it is introduced as late as 4 weeks before surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Short-term outcomes of the Australasian randomized clinical study comparing laparoscopic and conventional open surgical treatments for colon cancer: the ALCCaS trial.
Laparoscopy has revolutionized many abdominal surgical procedures. Laparoscopic colectomy has become increasingly popular. The short- and long-term benefits and satisfactory surgical oncological treatment of colorectal cancer by laparoscopic-assisted resection remain topical. The long-term outcomes of all international randomized controlled trials are still awaited, and short-term outcomes are important in the interim. ⋯ Laparoscopic-assisted colonic resection gives significant improvements in return of gastrointestinal function and length of stay, with an increased operative time and no difference in the postoperative complication rate.