Blood pressure monitoring
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Blood pressure monitoring · Apr 1998
Age-based differences between mercury sphygmomanometer and pulse dynamic blood pressure measurements.
Both the mercury sphygmomanometer and oscillometric measurement methods are widely in use for pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients. However, inherent differences between the methods of measurement may create varying degrees of sensitivity to age and potentially result in differences between measurements for these two techniques. DESIGN: Measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in 154 subjects were obtained using the mercury sphygmomanometer and pulse dynamic oscillometric methods in accordance with the 1987 Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation guidelines. Subjects were separated into three age groups and their data analyzed for differences between measurements for these two techniques. ⋯ The variation in the agreement of systolic blood pressure measurements can be attributed to the differing effects of age-dependent arterial changes on the measurement methods. The findings indicate that, although the pulse dynamic oscillometric method and mercury sphygmomanometer correlate well when patients of all ages were evaluated as a group, agreement between measurements of systolic blood pressure is dependent on age and the method of measurement employed.
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Blood pressure monitoring · Apr 1998
Relationship between ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and response of blood pressure in male hypertensive adolescents to exercise.
High blood pressure in the young has been related to the development of hypertension in adults; hence the importance of identifying adolescents with the risk of developing it. ⋯ Systolic blood pressure measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is related to response of systolic blood pressure to exercise and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can identify groups of subjects at greater than normal risk through their higher blood pressure during sleep. Greater than normal blood pressure variability in adolescents is an indicator of the risk of reaching abnormal exercise values of systolic blood pressure. Higher casual blood pressure than ambulatory blood pressure monitoring values for adolescents should be considered abnormal.
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Blood pressure monitoring · Oct 1996
Office hypertension: abnormal blood pressure regulation and increased sympathetic activity compared with normotension.
The percentage of patients with office or white-coat hypertension has been reported in international studies to be 20-30% of the hypertensive population. These patients can be identified and distinguished from patients with established hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or self-measurement. There is still no satisfactory explanation for the phenomenon of 'office hypertension' and there are no data available to show how the blood pressure behaviour of office hypertensives differs from that of normotensive subjects away from the physician's office or clinic environment. ⋯ Patients with office hypertension, who by definition do not yet have established hypertension, already exhibit abnormal regulation both of systolic and of diastolic blood pressure during the morning period and daytime, with a significantly greater early morning rise compared with normotensive subjects and a greater blood pressure amplitude (amplitude hypertension) due to lower blood pressure during night-time and higher blood pressure during the day with increased sympathetic activation. Office hypertension seems to be the earliest manifestation of hypertension.
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Blood pressure monitoring · Apr 1996
The elevation of forearm arterial blood pressureduring Riva-Rocci-Korotkoff measurements.
To investigate why the forearm pressure rises above the systemic blood pressure upon the release of occluding cuff pressure during Riva-Rocci-Korotkoff blood pressure measurements and whether this overshoot could, as has been suggested, be used to predict the accuracy of Riva-Rocci-Korotkoff measurements in a certain patient. DESIGN AND ⋯ These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the diastolic blood pressure overshoot results from increased filling of the forearm vasculature during Riva-Rocci-Korotkoff measurements. The systolic blood pressure overshoot probably results from pulse wave amplification in the partially occluded artery underneath the upper arm cuff. The overshoot phenomenon was not related to Riva-Rocci-Korotkoff errors.