Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
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Observational Study
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF BASAL CORTISOL LEVEL TO PREDICT ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY IN COSYNTROPIN TESTING: RESULTS FROM AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY WITH 804 PATIENTS.
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stimulation testing is the current standard for assessing primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI). We aimed to investigate the value of basal cortisol level for prediction of AI. ⋯ ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone AI = adrenal insufficiency AUC = area under the curve CI = confidence interval HDT = high-dose test HPA axis = hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis ITT = insulin tolerance test LDT = low-dose test NR = normal responders LR+/- = positive/negative likelihood ratio NPV = negative predictive value PPV = positive predictive value.
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Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion is a less common cause of Cushing syndrome and is seen in 5 to 10% of cases with endogenous hypercortisolemia. We hereby describe our experience of patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome, who have been managed over the past 10 years at a tertiary care center in Southern India. ⋯ ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone CT = computed tomography DOTATATE = 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate ECS = ectopic Cushing syndrome FDG = fluorodeoxyglucose MTC = medullary thyroid cancer NET = neuroendocrine tumor PET = positron emission tomography.
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Review Meta Analysis
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF COST EFFICACY OF DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS: A META-ANALYSIS.
To assess the cost efficacy of available regimens for therapy of osteoporosis as defined as the cost time's number need to treat to prevent one fracture. ⋯ ALN = alendronate; DEN = denosumab; IBN = ibandronate; NNT = number needed to treat; OR = odds ratio; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RIS = risedronate; RLN = raloxifene; TER = teriparatide; ZOL = zoledronate.
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Review
SODIUM GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER 2 AND DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITION: PROMISE OF A DYNAMIC DUO.
This article reviews evidence supporting sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor combination therapy for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ BP = blood pressure; CI = confidence interval; CVOT = cardiovascular outcomes; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; DPP-4 = dipeptidyl peptidase-4; EXAMINE = EXamination of cArdiovascular outcoMes with alogliptiN versus standard of carE in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; HR = hazard ratio; MACE = major adverse cardiovascular events; SAVOR-TIMI 53 = Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SGLT2 = sodium glucose cotransporter 2; TECOS = Trial to Evaluate Cardiovascular Outcomes after Treatment with Sitagliptin; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus; XR = extended release.
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Letter Case Reports
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES RECENTLY COMMENCED ON SGLT-2 INHIBITORS: AN ONGOING CONCERN.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are increasingly used as an adjunctive treatment for type 2 diabetes. We report the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in 3 patients with type 2 diabetes recently commenced on SGLT-2 inhibitors. ⋯ DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis SGLT-2 = sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 T2D = type 2 diabetes.