Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
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DRG is of importance in relaying painful stimulation to the higher pain centers and therefore could be a crucial target for early intervention aimed at suppressing primary afferent stimulation. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a common pain condition with an unknown etiology. Recently added new information enriches our understanding of CRPS pathophysiology. ⋯ In this part, we first reviewed and summarized the role of neural sensitization in DRG neurons in performing function in the context of pain processing. Particular emphasis is placed on the cellular and molecular changes after nerve injury as well as different models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. These were considered as the potential molecular bases that underlie nerve injury-associated pathogenesis of CRPS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoints on adrenocortical function in etomidate anesthesia patients.
We aimed to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) on adrenocortical function in patients with etomidate anesthesia. ⋯ Electroacupuncture at ST 36 and SP 6 can mitigate the adrenal cortical inhibition induced by etomidate and can reduce the secretion of catecholamines during surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Low-dose intramuscular dexmedetomidine as premedication: a randomized controlled trial.
Dexmedetomidine-induced bradycardia or hypotension has recently attracted considerable attention because of potentially grave consequences, including sinus arrest and refractory cardiogenic shock. A route other than intravenous injection or a low dose may help minimize cardiovascular risks associated with dexmedetomidine. However, few studies have addressed the clinical effects of low-dose intramuscular dexmedetomidine as premedication. ⋯ This study provides further evidence that dexmedetomidine premedication in low dose (1 μg·kg-1) by intramuscular route can induce preoperative sedation and adjuvant anaesthetic effects without clinically significant bradycardia or hypotension.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Two different dosages of nebulized steroid versus parenteral steroid in the management of COPD exacerbations: a randomized control trial.
The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of nebulized steroid (NS) with systemic corticosteroids (SC) and to determine optimal NS dose in the treatment of patients with COPD exacerbations requiring hospitalization. ⋯ Nebulized budesonide may be used as an alternative to SC because of its equal effectiveness and lesser systemic adverse effects. The choice of optimal dosage needs to be evaluated carefully because adverse effect and dropout rates varied according to dosage. However, there is a need for further studies including more severe cases and evaluating long-term outcomes or relapses comparing the 3 arms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of a bolus dose of fentanyl on the ED₅₀ and ED₉₅ of sevoflurane in neonates.
The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in neonates is 3.3%, but this value has not been verified in Chinese neonates and the effect of different doses of fentanyl on MAC in neonates has not been investigated. This study was designed to determine the ED₅₀ and ED₉₅ values of sevoflurane in Chinese neonates with and without fentanyl. ⋯ The MAC value of sevoflurane in Chinese neonates was lower than previously reported and was reduced by the addition of fentanyl.