Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
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Laboratory information sub-systems play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of patients. This study aimed to determine functional requirements of users and assess the existence of these requirements in the laboratory information system. ⋯ Laboratory information system requirements were designed with 68 items. Evaluation results showed that the systems were moderate in terms of compliance with the requirements.
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To externally validate the PREDICT tool in a cohort of women participating in a population-based breast cancer screening programme who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2008 in Spain. ⋯ The PREDICT tool does not discriminate well in our population considering only the variables of the original algorithm. More accurate tools are needed to obtain a better discrimination.
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A needs assessment tool considering the cultural background of mainland China has not been reported. This study developed a Needs Self-rating Questionnaire for Breast Cancer (NSQ-BC) based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs for mainland Chinese patients. ⋯ The NSQ-BC was developed fully via the comprehensive use of Delphi technique and pilot cross-sectional surveys. It provides evidence of a proper instrument for needs assessment and evaluation among women with breast cancer in mainland China.
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The literature suggests that discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are a preferable method for estimating willingness-to-pay (WTP) values, as they may avoid some biases often observed in contingent valuation surveys, such as protest and strategic behaviour. However, the choice studies have demonstrated that attribute non-attendance may be a serious issue that leads to biased WTP estimates. ⋯ The findings raise concerns for derived WTP estimates in DCE studies that did not consider non-attendance to the cost attribute during the estimation process. Non-attendance to the cost attribute overestimates WTP values, even if being motivated by the true preferences of respondents.
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There is limited research on how health care providers approach the topic of e-cigarettes in clinical encounters, especially in conjunction with other best-practice recommendations for smoking cessation. This qualitative study explored physician perceptions and recommendations involving e-cigarettes in the context of smoking cessation counselling, including their opinions about the implementation and content of patient educational materials that focus on e-cigarettes. ⋯ Physicians were open to improving their smoking cessation counselling and to integrating new patient educational materials that addressed e-cigarettes. Patient educational materials that provide tailored information about e-cigarettes could potentially be used initiate e-cigarette discussions and inform smokers about what is known vs unknown about e-cigarettes.