International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2002
Changes in bloodstream infections in HIV-positive patients in a university hospital in Spain (1995-1997).
The Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol is a 600-bed center serving 700,000 inhabitants including 1800 patients with HIV infection in Catalonia (Spain). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became available at the end of 1996. Thus, the period 1995 1997 was considered appropriate for evaluating possible epidemiological changes in bloodstream infections (BSI) in HIV-infected patients. ⋯ The prevalence of bloodstream infections in HIV-positive patients has decreased since the introduction of HAART and the immunologic state has improved. Furthermore there is a trend to a decrease or disappearance of microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MAI or fungi related to severe immunosuppression. Lastly, bacteremia caused by the active use of intravenous drugs remains stable with the highest percentage in Spain.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2002
Treatment failure in intestinal strongyloidiasis: an indicator of HTLV-I infection.
The association of severe strongyloides with HTLV-I is well known; however, the seroprevalence of HTLV-I in other groups with strongyloidiasis is still unknown. We conducted a prospective study in patients with intestinal strongyloidiasis without known immunodepression who failed to respond to standard therapy with ivermectin or thiabendazole (failure was defined as one positive stool examination at the post-therapy follow up). All these patients were tested for HTLV-I by ELISA and Western Blot. ⋯ We recommend that all patients with uncomplicated intestinal strongyloidiasis, who fail standard therapy, be studied for HTLV-I infection.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2001
Tuberculosis and drug resistance among patients seen at an AIDS Reference Center in São Paulo, Brazil.
To assess the frequency of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antituberculosis drugs and the factors associated with it among patients with tuberculosis (TB) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). ⋯ In this patient series, M. tuberculosis resistance was predominantly of the acquired type, and resistance was independently associated with previous treatment for TB and with duration of AIDS prior to TB exceeding 71 days.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2000
Lincomycin-induced endotoxin release in Escherichia coli sepsis: evidence for release in vitro and in vivo.
To evaluate the propensity of lincomycin and clindamycin to induce release of endotoxin, the authors investigated endotoxin release in Escherichia coli isolated from a patient who developed septic shock following lincomycin treatment. ⋯ Results of this study suggest that the bacteriostatic antibiotics, lincomycin and clindamycin, induce endotoxin release in the treatment of E. coli infections.