Pain research & management : the journal of the Canadian Pain Society = journal de la société canadienne pour le traitement de la douleur
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Occupational therapy (OT) makes a unique contribution to chronic pain (CP) management due to its overarching focus on occupation. The aim of this scoping review was to describe current knowledge about this contribution by documenting OT roles, models, assessments, and intervention methods used with adults living with CP. A systematic search exploring 10 databases and gray literature from 2006 to 2017 was conducted. ⋯ Within the 30 reported interventions, 73.3% related directly to the person, 20% pertained to occupation (activities and participation), and 6.7% addressed environmental factors. The distinction and complementarity between the bottom-up and the top-down approaches to OT intervention were discussed. This review highlights OT specificity in adult CP management.
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Intra-articular temporomandibular disorders are often related to pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint, ear, and temple. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficiency of anterior repositioning splints in decreasing pain related to temporomandibular joint disc displacement with reduction. ⋯ The anterior repositioning splint is an efficient tool in decreasing pain related to disc displacement with reduction. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03057262.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Exercise Training Combined with Increased Physical Activity to Prevent Chronic Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial.
With the aim of developing a chronic pain prevention program, this randomized controlled trial examined whether exercise training combined with increased physical activity more effectively improves pain and physical activity than exercise training alone in community-dwelling older adults without chronic pain. ⋯ In older adults without chronic pain, exercise training combind with increased physical activity improves key outcome indicators more effectively than exercise training alone. "This trial is registered with UMIN000018503."
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Despite the large body of research on sex differences in pain, there is a lack of knowledge about the influence of gender in the patient-provider encounter. The purpose of this study was to review literature on gendered norms about men and women with pain and gender bias in the treatment of pain. The second aim was to analyze the results guided by the theoretical concepts of hegemonic masculinity and andronormativity. ⋯ Awareness about gendered norms is important, both in research and clinical practice, in order to counteract gender bias in health care and to support health-care professionals in providing more equitable care that is more capable to meet the need of all patients, men and women.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Magnesium Sulfate as Adjuvant in Prehospital Femoral Nerve Block for a Patient with Diaphysial Femoral Fracture: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Prehospital management of traumatic pain is commonly based on morphine while locoregional analgesia techniques, especially the femoral nerve block (FNB), can be safely and efficiently used. Adjuvants uses can reduce local anesthetic doses and decrease their related risk. The aim of the study was to assess the analgesic effect of magnesium sulfate when used as an adjuvant in prehospital FNB. ⋯ Magnesium sulfate should be considered as an efficient and safe adjuvant to lidocaine in prehospital FNB. This trial is registered with (NCT03597945).