Respirology : official journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
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In this study the prevalence, lung function and prognosis of IPF combined with emphysema were evaluated. ⋯ Emphysema was a common finding in patients with UIP. Patients with UIP and emphysema had greater lung volumes and better survival compared with those with UIP alone.
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The authors were given the charge of providing a vision of the future in paediatric respirology. Themes selected for being ripe for this visionary analysis include bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), lung infections, obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) and pulmonary diagnostics and monitoring. A profound reduction or elimination of BPD is seen. ⋯ In addition, management options, as an alternative to adenotonsilectomy, are listed with a call for further research. Pulmonary diagnostics and monitoring will see the development and refinement of tools like the lung clearance index and the analysis of exhaled gases, volatiles and dissolved biomarkers of inflammation as techniques that might help clinicians identify both the initiation of inflammation while it is more amenable to therapy, and to identify more readily the early changes associated with chronic lung diseases in children. The authors hope that these visionary articles will generate comments, arguments, inspiration, and perhaps even motivate funding agencies.
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Although non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to be effective in a wide variety of respiratory diseases, its role in severe asthma attacks remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of NIV in patients experiencing severe attacks of asthma. ⋯ The need for ETI in patients with severe attacks of asthma was decreased after introduction of NIV. The ready availability of NIV enabled the rapid commencement of MV and may decrease the need for ETI. NIV is an acceptable and useful method of stabilizing patients experiencing severe attacks of asthma.
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Pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines recommend cycle ergometry training at an intensity that exceeds 60% of peak power (P(peak)) with the aim of achieving a physiologic response. However, many clinicians do not have access to an incremental cycle ergometry test (ICET) to allow prescription of training intensity. No studies have investigated whether the 6MWT can be used to estimate the P(peak) achieved during an ICET in subjects with IPF or in Asian subjects with COPD. ⋯ P(peak) can be estimated from the 6MWT in Japanese subjects with IPF and COPD. This may allow individualized prescription of the intensity for cycle-based training based on the 6MWT.