Archives of disease in childhood
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The many parasomnias now officially described often occur in young patients. They are at risk of being confused with each other if their characteristic features are not well known and if they are not carefully assessed, mainly clinically. Accurate diagnosis is essential for choice of treatment, which varies considerably for different parasomnias. These points are illustrated mainly by reference to arousal disorders (including sleepwalking and sleep terrors) and the other parasomnias, such as nightmares and sleep-related epilepsies, from which they must be distinguished.
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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are effective treatment for childhood asthma. Cross-sectional studies indicate that some asthmatic children are treated with excessively high doses of ICS and are at risk of serious adverse effects. ⋯ Trends for corticosteroid prescribing in childhood asthma changed dramatically between 1992 and 2004. There are several plausible reasons for this.
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Neonatal intensive care requires adequate numbers of trained neonatal nurses to provide safe, effective care, but existing research into the relationship between nurse numbers and the care needs of babies is over 10 years old. Since then, the preterm population and treatment practices have changed considerably. ⋯ Both scales predict average nursing workload. A revised categorisation which separates nCPAP from ventilation is more robust and practical. Nursing time attracted in all categories has increased since 1993.
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To identify trainers', senior house officers' (SHOs) and their nursing colleagues' perceptions of learning in a neonatal unit. ⋯ A mismatch of perception of learning experiences was identified in the department. These mismatches can be addressed by acknowledging the importance of when the trainees perceive they learn best and improving the learning experience in situations where they do not.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A novel combined Hib-MenC-TT glycoconjugate vaccine as a booster dose for toddlers: a phase 3 open randomised controlled trial.
To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (Hib-MenC-TT) when administered as a booster dose in combination with a measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR). ⋯ The waning antibody titres against Hib and MenC following primary immunisation can be boosted to protective levels by administering the Hib-MenC-TT vaccine at 12-15 months of age, supporting the recent introduction of this vaccine in the UK immunisation schedule to sustain protection of children against Hib and MenC disease.