Archives of disease in childhood
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The term "safeguarding" is widely used but its meaning and its relationship to child protection have not been precisely defined. It is a more inclusive concept than child protection and emphasises not only the diagnosis and management of child abuse as conventionally understood but also the importance of recognising children in distress and intervening where possible to prevent a range of adverse outcomes. Achieving these goals will depend in part on greater awareness and more extensive training in psychosocial issues and the mental health of children and young people, and their parents.
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The increased presence of consultant staff should theoretically lead to better outcomes in emergency departments (EDs). A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary paediatric emergency department (PED) over a 10-year period documenting trends in percentage of children admitted, complaints to the department and average waiting times. Consultant numbers increased from 2.6 to 6.2 full time equivalent staff between 2000 and 2004. ⋯ The percentage of children admitted decreased by 27%, complaints fell by 41% and the average waiting time by 15%. The yearly cost of an additional 3.6 consultants (2005) was $A1,003,490 with net saving to the hospital of over $A9.48 million. The provision of additional consultant medical staff in a PED coincided with a decrease in the percentage of children admitted, complaints to the department and average waiting times, and was cost effective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Vaccine-related pain: randomised controlled trial of two injection techniques.
To compare acute pain response during immunisation in infants using a slow standard of care injection technique versus a rapid pragmatic technique. ⋯ Immunisation using a pragmatic rapid injection technique is less painful than a slow standard of care technique and should be recommended for routine intramuscular immunisations.