Health technology assessment : HTA
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Health Technol Assess · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialThe impact of continuous haemofiltration with high-volume fluid exchange during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery on the recovery of patients with impaired renal function: a pilot randomised trial.
There is widespread variability in clinical practice within cardiac surgery units worldwide on the use of haemofiltration. The clinical impact and safety of this modality is, however, unknown. ⋯ Given sufficient resources and broadening of the inclusion criteria, the recruitment into a larger multicentre trial is feasible and may demonstrate potential clinical and cost benefits of using intraoperative haemofiltration in this group of patients. However, owing to the small sample size in this pilot trial, no firm conclusions can be drawn from the findings at this stage. The outcomes of this pilot study are very encouraging and suggest that it is feasible to design a continuous superiority trial with the length of ICU stay days or time to tracheal extubation as the primary outcome measure, provided that guidelines for avoiding bias are implemented. An alternative primary outcome measure that avoids bias is mortality. The inclusion criteria should also be widened to include all cardiac surgery patients with impaired renal function.
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Health Technol Assess · Oct 2013
ReviewClinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of minimally invasive techniques to manage varicose veins: a systematic review and economic evaluation.
Varicose veins are enlarged, visibly lumpy knotted veins, usually in the legs. Uncomplicated varicose veins can cause major discomfort and some complications. They are part of chronic venous disease (CVD), which is reported to have a substantial negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Traditional treatments for varicose veins involve surgical stripping and ligation and liquid sclerotherapy (LS), but can be invasive and painful. New minimally invasive treatments offer an alternative. These treatments typically involve use of laser, radiofrequency or foam sclerosant. They are increasingly widely used and offer potential benefits such as reduced complications, faster recovery, fewer physical limitations and improved quality of life. ⋯ The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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Health Technol Assess · Oct 2013
ReviewA systematic review of risk assessment strategies for populations at high risk of engaging in violent behaviour: update 2002-8.
This review systematically examines the research literature published in the period 2002-8 on structured violence risk assessment instruments designed for use in mental health services or the criminal justice system. It adopted much broader inclusion criteria than previous reviews in the same area in order to capture and summarise data on the widest possible range of available instruments. ⋯ The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment and Research for Patient Benefit programmes.
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Health Technol Assess · Oct 2013
ReviewGene expression profiling and expanded immunohistochemistry tests to guide the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer management: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis.
Gene expression profiling (GEP) and expanded immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests aim to improve decision-making relating to adjuvant chemotherapy for women with early breast cancer. ⋯ PROSPERO 2011:CRD42011001361, available from www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42011001361.
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Health Technol Assess · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialMAGNEsium Trial In Children (MAGNETIC): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial and economic evaluation of nebulised magnesium sulphate in acute severe asthma in children.
There are few data on the role of nebulised magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) in the management of acute asthma in children. Those studies that have been published are underpowered, and use different methods, interventions and comparisons. Thus, no firm conclusions can be drawn. ⋯ This study supports the use of nebulised isotonic MgSO4 at the dose of 151 mg given three times in the first hour of treatment as an adjuvant to standard treatment when a child presents with an acute episode of severe asthma. No harm is done by adding magnesium to salbutamol and ipratropium bromide, and in some individuals it may be clinically helpful. The response is likely to be more marked in those children with more severe attacks and with a shorter duration of exacerbation. Although the study was not powered to demonstrate this fully, the data certainly support the hypotheses that nebulised magnesium has a greater clinical effect in children who have more severe exacerbation with shorter duration of symptoms.