Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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To investigate the contamination rates in patients undergoing strabismus surgery who received a single versus a dual application of povidone-iodine. ⋯ In our study cohort a second application of povidone-iodine significantly decreased the rate of contamination of the surgical site and sutures. It did not affect contamination of the lid speculum.
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To explain why very preterm newborns who develop retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) appear to be at increased risk of abnormalities of both brain structure and function. ⋯ Some but not all of the association of ROP with brain disorders can be explained by common risk factors. Most of the increased risks of very low Bayley Scales associated with ROP are probably not a consequence of exposure to anesthetic agents.
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Comparative Study
The oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery: its relationship to preoperative clinical eye findings and subsequent postoperative emesis.
To compare the occurrence of significant bradycardia due to the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) during strabismus surgery and its relationship to preoperative clinical eye findings and subsequent development of postoperative emesis. ⋯ In our cohort, patients experiencing intraoperative OCR when the first extraocular muscle was manipulated during multiple-muscle strabismus surgery were likely to experience it again during traction of additional muscles. More severe postoperative vomiting was common in these patients. OCR was associated with the preoperative absence of fine stereopsis.
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Observational Study
Retinal hemorrhages in intubated pediatric intensive care patients.
To define the diagnoses associated with the presence of retinal hemorrhages, to clarify the association between retinal hemorrhages, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and coagulopathy, and to describe the type of retinal hemorrhages found in intubated critically ill patients <4 years of age. ⋯ Severe multilayered retinal hemorrhages were associated with AHT in this cohort of patients. Without a history of trauma, retinal hemorrhages occurred in only 1 of 85 patients; in this case the hemorrhages were mild, confined to the posterior pole, and found only in the retinal layer.
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Eyedrops used for mydriasis and cycloplegia can be systemically absorbed, causing serious side effects, including oxygen desaturation, apnea, bradycardia, transient hypertension, delayed gastric emptying, and transient paralytic ileus. These effects can be more serious in infants because of their lower body mass and immature cardiovascular and nervous systems. We report a case of a 27-week-old infant who suffered a cardiopulmonary arrest after the administration of only Cyclomydril eyedrops (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX) during an outpatient retinopathy of prematurity examination.