Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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To describe the results of vision screenings performed with the Spot photoscreener in the community setting. ⋯ The Spot photoscreener yielded a high overall referral rate. Although a high prevalence of astigmatism may be expected in this population, a high referral rate for suspected ocular misalignment led to a very high proportion of false positive referrals, suggesting that the software for this algorithm is in need of refinement.
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In 1942, when retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) first manifested as retrolental fibroplasia, the technology to monitor or regulate oxygen did not exist, and a fundus examination of preterm infants was not routinely performed. Supplemental, uncontrolled oxygen at birth has since been found to cause retrolental fibroplasia. ⋯ Nevertheless, despite our better understanding of ROP and ongoing investigations of supplemental therapeutic oxygen, including recent clinical trials (Surfactant, Positive Airway Pressure, Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial [SUPPORT] and Benefits of Oxygen Saturation Targeting [BOOST]), the best oxygen profiles to reduce ROP risk while optimizing preterm infant health and development remain unknown. This article reviews major studies on oxygen use in preterm infants and the effects on the development of ROP.
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Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an autosomal-recessive disorder clinically characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diatheses, and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin, which in some cases may cause granulomatous colitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Any of these complications could result in a shortened life span for patients with HPS. We report a 92-year-old man with HPS 5 who, to our knowledge, is the oldest patient with HPS documented in the literature. This report highlights the importance of typing HPS to counsel patients regarding disease prognosis.
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Ophthalmologists and neonatologists were surveyed to assess current practices for anesthetic and airway management techniques used during laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity. Of the 351 practitioners who completed the survey, most perform fewer than 10 treatments annually. Intravenous sedation, rather than general anesthesia, is used by 60% of respondents. Routine intubation is used by 58%, whereas 36% monitor infants at their current level of respiratory support.
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To assess the use of limbal versus fornix conjunctival incisions in primary and repeat horizontal rectus muscle surgeries among pediatric ophthalmologists and adult strabismus surgeons. ⋯ Among those surveyed, limbal incisions were preferred for greater intraoperative exposure and better teaching of junior surgeons; fornix incisions were thought to cause less postoperative pain and inflammation and lead to more rapid soft-tissue healing.