British journal of anaesthesia
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Little information exists regarding factors influencing perioperative cardiac arrests and their outcome. This survey evaluated the incidence, causes and outcome of perioperative cardiac arrests in a Brazilian tertiary general teaching hospital between April 1996 and March 2005. ⋯ Perioperative cardiac arrests were relatively higher in neonates, infants, the elderly and in males with severe underlying disease and under emergency surgery. All anaesthesia-related cardiac arrests were related to airway management and medication administration which is important for prevention strategies.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of bispectral index and entropy monitoring, in patients undergoing embolization of cerebral artery aneurysms after subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Processed EEG monitoring of anaesthetic depth could be useful in patients receiving general anaesthesia following subarachnoid haemorrhage. We conducted an observational study comparing performance characteristics of bispectral index (BIS) and entropy monitoring systems in these patients. ⋯ BIS and entropy monitoring perform well in patients who receive general anaesthesia after good grade subarachnoid haemorrhage.
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Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV), which does not require any tracheal tubes or catheters, was developed specifically for use in laryngotracheal surgery. SHFJV uses two jet streams with different frequencies simultaneously and is applied in the supraglottic space using a jet laryngoscope and jet ventilator. ⋯ SHFJV is an advanced ventilation mode playing a pivotal role in the (open) ventilatory support/ventilation of patients with laryngotracheal stenosis. It is particularly indicated in cases of severe stenosis and offers optimal conditions for laryngotracheal surgery, including laser surgery and stent implantation techniques.
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We measured the effect of two weight adjusted i.v. doses (0.2 mg per 70 kg and 0.4 mg per 70 kg) of the potent opioid buprenorphine on analgesia and respiratory depression in healthy volunteers. The aim of the study was to compare buprenorphine's behaviour with respect to the occurrence of ceiling (or apparent maximum) in these typical micro-opioid protein-(MOP) receptor effects. ⋯ While buprenorphine's analgesic effect increased significantly, respiratory depression was similar in magnitude and timing for the two doses tested. We conclude that over the dose range tested buprenorphine displays ceiling in respiratory effect but none in analgesic effect.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ketamine for treatment of catheter related bladder discomfort: a prospective, randomized, placebo controlled and double blind study.
Intraoperative urinary catheterization might cause postoperative catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). We evaluated the efficacy of ketamine as a treatment modality for CRBD. ⋯ I.V. ketamine (250 microg kg(-1)) is an effective treatment for reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative CRBD.