British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Autonomic effects of epidural and intravenous fentanyl.
We tested the hypothesis that there is greater suppression of autonomic reflexes during general anaesthesia when fentanyl is administered epidurally than when it is given intravenously. ⋯ We conclude that during general anaesthesia, epidural fentanyl enhances antinociception by a spinal mechanism which can be detected by pupillary dilation but not by changes in arterial pressure or heart rate.
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The carina level has been shown to be near the pericardial reflection and can easily be identified as a landmark on a routine chest radiography. The purpose of this study was to reveal a simple method to predict the adequate central venous catheter (CVC) depth, hereby facilitating safe positioning of the CVC tip. ⋯ When CVCs are inserted to a depth derived by adding the length between the needle insertion point and the clavicular notch and the vertical length between the clavicular notch and the carina, the CVC tip can be reliably placed near the carina level.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Premedication with controlled-release oxycodone does not improve management of postoperative pain after day-case gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.
Controlled-release (CR) oxycodone provides an option for the prevention of postoperative pain. We designed this randomized double-blinded placebo controlled study to evaluate the control of pain after premedication with CR oxycodone 15 mg in addition to ibuprofen 800 mg orally in day-case gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. ⋯ Oral premedication with CR oxycodone did not improve management of postoperative pain after day-case gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.