British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Regional analgesia with bupivacaine in dental anaesthesia.
Sixty (ASA 1) patients were studied to determine the effect of bilateral local infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine plain during third molar extraction under general anaesthesia. Bupivacaine infiltration significantly reduced the incidence of wide complex extrasystoles (P less than 0.05) during surgery and the severity of dental pain (P less than 0.05), when assessed at 6 h after operation.
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The auditory evoked response (AER) has been studied in six patients before the induction of general anaesthesia, during anaesthesia with nitrous oxide in oxygen and mechanical ventilation, then with a stepwise increasing rate of infusion of Althesin ranging from 18 micrograms kg-1 min 1 to 90 micrograms kg-1 min-1. The sections of the AER examined in this study were the brainstem waves I, III and V and the early cortical waves Pa and Nb. ⋯ In contrast, there were no changes in either latency or amplitude of the brainstem waves. This is consistent with other work suggesting that Althesin has little effect on neuronal function below the level of the superior colliculus.
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Single and dual port versions of the keyed fillers fitted to TEC4 and TEC3 vaporizers, respectively, were examined. The single port filler performed satisfactorily, provided that it was correctly used and properly maintained. Design deficiencies in the dual-port keyed filler were found which accounted for many of the problems described by users. The keyed bottle adaptor could be improved by an increase in its length and the provision of two openings into the outer tube at the bottle end.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of the addition of potassium to prilocaine or bupivacaine. Studies on brachial plexus blockade.
A double-blind comparison of prilocaine and prilocaine plus potassium chloride, and of bupivacaine with bupivacaine plus potassium chloride, in brachial plexus blockade (axillary approach) was obtained in two groups of 20 patients. The addition of potassium chloride made no difference to the characteristics of the block with prilocaine, but resulted in a more rapid onset of sensory loss when added to bupivacaine.