British journal of anaesthesia
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Comparative Study
E.C.G changes during halothane and enflurane anaesthesia for E.N.T. surgery in children.
E.c.g. changes were compared in 152 children undergoing adenoidectomy of adenotonsillectomy (T + A) under halothane or enflurane anaesthesia. Junctional rhythm occurred in 4-16% of the children in adenoidectomy groups and in 11-33% in T + A groups. Bundle branch block occurred in 4% of the children anaesthetized with halothane, but not with enflurane and was particularly common in association with thiopentone and T + A operations; one patient had bifocal ventricular tachycardia. ⋯ QT interval was not changed after Althesin with or without suxamethonium. Mean preanaesthetic QT interval (+/- SEM) was significantly prolonged (492 +/- 22 ms; normal 440 ms) in children showing aberrant conduction with chaotic rhythm, but normal (438 +/- 5 ms) when bundle branch block or junctional rhythm was present during halothane anaesthesia. QT interval was prolonged significantly in enflurane but not in halothane anaesthesia.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Comparison of halothane and enflurane anaesthesia for otolaryngological surgery in children.
Halothane and enflurane were compared in 131 children undergoing adenoidectomy with or without tonsillectomy. Anaesthesia for adenoidectomy was induced with thiopentone or Althesin and for tonsillectomy with thiopentone. The response to surgery was minimal (0-5%) during both inhalation anaesthetics. ⋯ The total recovery scores (0-10) based on activity, respiration, heart rate, consciousness and colour improved most rapidly after Althesin + enflurane and most slowly after thiopentone + halothane on the adenoidectomy groups. In the tonsillectomy groups, the recovery scores were better after enflurane than after halothane. After both inhalation anaesthetics, the frequency of shivering ranged from 0 to 17%.
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General anaesthesia for emergency surgery in a pressurized habitat is likely to involve the use of i.v. agents. The anaesthetic property of such agents is known to be antagonized by pressure, but the effect on their duration of action is not easily predicted. The recovery of mice from a single i.v. dose of Althesin, ketamine or methohexitone was estimated by their ability to remain upright in a rotating drum. ⋯ A number of animals in each group, however, displayed recovery times that were comparable to control. The convulsion rate with methohexitone was 60% at 35 atm abs., whereas at 1 atm abs. it was 20%. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.