British journal of anaesthesia
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Br J Anaesth
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Review Meta Analysis
The potential for autonomic neuromodulation to reduce perioperative complications and pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Autonomic dysfunction promotes organ injury after major surgery through numerous pathological mechanisms. Vagal withdrawal is a key feature of autonomic dysfunction, and it may increase the severity of pain. We systematically evaluated studies that examined whether vagal neuromodulation can reduce perioperative complications and pain. ⋯ Indirect vagal neuromodulation improves physiological measures associated with limiting organ dysfunction, although studies are of low quality, are susceptible to bias and lack specific focus on perioperative patients.