International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Dec 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyTrospium chloride once-daily extended release is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome: an integrated analysis of two randomised, phase III trials.
Trospium chloride is an antimuscarinic agent with a hydrophilic polar quaternary amine structure that is minimally metabolised by hepatic cytochrome P450 and is actively excreted in the urine, each of which confers a potential benefit with regard to efficacy and tolerability. ⋯ Treatment with trospium XR resulted in statistically significant improvements in both of the dual primary and all of the secondary outcome variables. Trospium XR demonstrated favourable rates of AEs, particularly CNS AEs (numerically lower than with placebo) and dry mouth (lower than previously reported with trospium immediate-release, although not compared in a head-to-head study).
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2009
Review Meta AnalysisAcupuncture for schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Acupuncture is one of the most popular types of complementary/alternative medicine. It is sometimes used as a treatment for schizophrenia. ⋯ These results provide limited evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating the symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the total number of RCTs, the total sample size and the methodological quality were too low to draw firm conclusions. As all studies originated from China, international studies are needed to test whether there is any effect.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and safety of lornoxicam compared with placebo and diclofenac in acute sciatica/lumbo-sciatica: an analysis from a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, parallel-group study.
The efficacy and safety of oral lornoxicam (LNX) as early treatment of acute sciatica/lumbo-sciatica was compared with placebo and diclofenac in a 5-day double-blind, randomised study. ⋯ These data indicate that the analgesic efficacy of LNX is superior to placebo and similar to diclofenac in acute sciatica/lumbo-sciatica.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Oct 2009
ReviewClinical utility of anion gap in deciphering acid-base disorders.
The anion gap (AG) measurement is a very useful tool in the evaluation of patients with acid-base disorders. Once metabolic acidosis is identified, AG will provide the important first step in the differential diagnosis of disorders that either increase the AG and those that leave the AG unchanged. Delta gap is the comparison between change (delta) in the AG and the change (delta) in bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)). ⋯ Urine AG (unmeasured anions-unmeasured cations) is an indirect estimate of the urine NH(4)(+) excretion. It is typically negative in patients with normal AG metabolic acidosis secondary to diarrhoea. Utilisation of AG calculations helps clinicians in identifying and treating acid-base disorders.