European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The causal status of pain catastrophizing: an experimental test with healthy participants.
In the current study we report findings on the effects of experimentally induced catastrophizing about pain on expected pain, experienced pain and escape/avoidance behavior during a cold pressor task in a sample of healthy participants. It was hypothesized that increasing the level of catastrophizing would result in a higher level of expected pain, a higher level of experienced pain, and a shorter duration of ice-water immersion. ⋯ The results demonstrated that despite the successful attempt to induce catastrophizing, this neither significantly affected expected pain, experienced pain, and duration of ice-water immersion, nor were these relations moderated by the pre-experimental level of catastrophizing. Although the level of catastrophizing was successfully manipulated, more similar experiments are necessary in order to give a more definite answer on the possible causal status of pain catastrophizing.
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Comparative Study
Health related quality of life and quantitative pain measurement in females with chronic non-malignant pain.
The aim of the present study was to assess, compare, and correlate the pain response to an experimental pain stimulus (hyperalgesia to pressure pain threshold (PPT) measured from different body sites), the pain intensity (VAS) of the habitual pain, and quality of life parameters (SF-36) in groups of females with chronic non-malignant pain syndromes. Forty female pain patients with fibromyalgia/whiplash (n = 10), endometriosis (n = 10), low back pain (n = 10), or rheumatoid arthritis (n = 10), as well as 41 age-matched healthy female controls participated in the study. The fibromyalgia/whiplash patients scored significantly higher (p < 0.04) VAS ratings (median rating = 7.0) than the endometriosis (6.0), low back pain (6.0), and rheumatoid arthritis (3.5) patients. ⋯ A significant negative correlation was found between VAS rating and quality of life (p < 0.04). Significant correlation (p < 0.05) was found between pressure hyperalgesia measured at lowest PPT sites and the impairment of SF-36 physical function as well as mental health parameters. This study demonstrates significant generalised pressure hyperalgesia in four groups of chronic pain patients, correlations between degree of pressure hyperalgesia and impairment of some quality of life parameters, and increased pain intensity of the ongoing pain is associated with decreased quality of life.
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Comparative Study
Psychiatric comorbidity in medication overuse headache patients with pre-existing headache type of episodic tension-type headache.
Medication overuse headache (MOH) mostly evolves from migraine and episodic tension-type headache (ETTH). Chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) is another headache type that evolves over time from ETTH. It is well known that psychiatric comorbidity is high in MOH patients. ⋯ Psychiatric comorbidity in MOH patients with pre-existing ETTH is common as in those with pre-existing migraine headache and MOH with regard to developing psychiatric disorders should be interpreted as a risk factor in chronic daily headache patients.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial behaviour and differences in health care utilization between subgroups of patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders, using both clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Somatization-specific behaviour is more widespread in patients suffering from exclusively myofascial pain than in patients presenting joint pathology. Inconsistencies in differences of other psychosocial variables between groups of TMD patients seem to be related to differences in group assignment either with or without objective information on joint pathology.
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Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by emotional words were analyzed in 12 patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and 12 matched healthy subjects. PPTs were assessed at the middle finger of both hands, before and after the experiment. Overall, FM patients and healthy subjects did not differ in PPT. ⋯ A significant group effect was observed on P200 amplitudes, showing reduced amplitudes in FM patients as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, unpleasant pain-related compared to neutral words triggered significantly enhanced late positive slow waves in healthy controls, while a comparable effect was not found in FM patients. The ERP and PPT data suggest that FM patients are characterized by an altered cognitive processing of pain-related information and by an abnormal adaptation to mechanical pain stimuli, respectively.