European journal of pain : EJP
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Inflammation is thought to be a major contributor to post-surgical pain, so non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used analgesics. However, compared to rats, considerably less is known as to how successfully these prevent pain in mice. ⋯ Although meloxicam prevented inflammation, even large doses did not prevent post-laparotomy pain possibly arising due to a range of factors, including, but not limited to inflammation. MGS scoring can be applied by very naïve assessors and so should be effective for cage-side use.
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The aims of the current study were to calibrate the item parameters of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Pain Behavior item bank using a sample of Dutch patients with chronic pain and to evaluate cross-cultural validity between the Dutch-Flemish and the US PROMIS Pain Behavior item banks. Furthermore, reliability and construct validity of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Pain Behavior item bank were evaluated. ⋯ The Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Pain Behavior item bank was found to have good cross-cultural validity, reliability and construct validity. The development of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Pain Behavior item bank will serve as the basis for Dutch-Flemish PROMIS short forms and computer adaptive testing (CAT).
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Tension-type headache (TTH) imposes a heavy burden on the global population but remains incompletely understood and poorly managed. ⋯ Muscular factors play an important role in episodic TTH. Ibuprofen 400 mg and aspirin 1000 mg are recommended as drugs of first choice.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
'Virtual lesion' in pain research; a study on magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex.
'Virtual lesion' ('VL') is a transient disruption of cortical activity during task performance. It can be induced by single pulses or short trains of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) directed to functionally relevant brain areas. We applied 'VL' methodology of a short train of TMS given on top of experimental tonic pain, expecting to see changes in pain scores. ⋯ This study indicates that interactions between cortical excitability of the motor cortex and nociceptive processing may be gender-related.
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The amygdala has an important role in pain and pain modulation. We showed previously in animal studies that α2 -adrenoreceptor activation in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) mediates hypoalgesia produced by restraint stress, and that direct application of an α2 -agonist in this region produces analgesia. ⋯ In rats, adrenergic actions in the CeA mediating hypoalgesia require spinal adrenergic neurotransmission but not the PAG-RVM pain modulatory network, or opiate or cannabinoid systems.