European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Group-based task-oriented exercises aimed at managing kinesiophobia improved disability in chronic low back pain.
There are still doubts concerning the clinical impact of multidisciplinary cognitive behavioural rehabilitation programmes conducted in group-based settings and about their long-term effects on subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP). This randomized, parallel-group superiority-controlled trial aimed at evaluating the effect of such a programme on disability, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, pain and quality of life in CLBP. ⋯ This light group-based multidisciplinary cognitive behavioural rehabilitation programme was superior to traditional exercises in reducing disability, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, and enhancing the quality of life of subjects with CLBP. The effects lasted for at least 2 years after the end of the intervention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Treating youth in pain: Comparing tailored behavioural medicine treatment provided by physical therapists in primary care with physical exercises.
To study the efficacy of tailored behavioural medicine treatment within a physical therapy framework. ⋯ In this study, differences between tailored behavioural medicine treatment delivered by PTs and exercise-based treatment could not be demonstrated, although the effect size was large. Patients who received either treatment demonstrated significant changes over time in pain-related disability. The low number of participants and suboptimal tailoring of the psychological components may partly explain the failure to demonstrate differences between groups, and future studies are warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Processes of change in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Applied Relaxation for long-standing pain.
The utility of cognitive behavioural (CB) interventions for chronic pain has been supported in numerous studies. This includes Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which has gained increased empirical support. Previous research suggests that improvements in pain catastrophizing and psychological inflexibility are related to improvements in treatment outcome in this type of treatment. Although a few studies have evaluated processes of change in CB-interventions, there is a particular need for mediation analyses that use multiple assessments to model change in mediators and outcome over time, and that incorporate the specified timeline between mediator and outcome in the data analytic model. ⋯ Results add to previous findings illustrating the role of psychological inflexibility as a mediator in ACT.
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Procedural pain in neonates has been a concern in the last two decades. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical appraisal and a synthesis of the published epidemiological studies about procedural pain in neonates admitted to intensive care units. The aims were to determine the frequency of painful procedures and pain management interventions as well as to identify their predictors. ⋯ Painful procedures were performed frequently and often with inadequate pain management. Unlike neonate clinical factors, organizational factors may be modified to promote a context of care more favourable to pain management.
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There is emerging evidence that primary dysmenorrhoea (PDM) is associated with altered brain function and structure. However, few studies have investigated changes in regional cortical thickness and subcortical volumes in PDM patients. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences in both cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between PDM patients and healthy controls (HCs). ⋯ These findings provide further evidence for grey matter changes in patients with PDM, and in addition, the results support relationships between the structural abnormalities and their role in symptom production. All these results are likely to be potential valuable to provide us with direct information about the neural basis of PDM.