European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of self-myofascial release combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation for the management of myofascial pelvic pain: a randomized controlled trial.
Myofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) caused by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) is a major contributor to chronic pelvic pain in women. However, the effect of the patient's self-myofascial release (SMFR) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SMFR combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation (BES) therapy in comparison with BES alone in patients with MFPP. ⋯ Myofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) is a major contributor of female chronic pelvic pain. Myofascial release has been used commonly for better pain release; however, poor therapeutic effect due to poor patient compliance is common in clinical practice. Therefore, in future research, there is a need to investigate the effect of patient's self-myofascial release (SMFR) technique, which can eliminate the need for frequent office visits and improve patient compliance to some extent, in patients with MFPP.
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The behavioural inhibition system and activation system (BIS-BAS) model of pain focusses on two clusters of responses to pain-escape/avoidance (BIS) and approach (BAS) behaviours. While the BIS-BAS model emphasizes active responses to pain, deactivation responses such as despondence and relaxation are also common. This study sought to develop self-report scales assessing cognitive, behavioural intentions and affective responses to pain consistent with this extended BIS-BAS framework. We also sought to develop short-forms of the emerging scales. ⋯ The Pain Responses Scale emerging from this research assesses four theorized, overarching responses to pain: Escape, Approach, Giving Up and Relaxation. This measure will afford the capacity to test a reconceptualized BIS-BAS model of pain and inform treatments that are adapted based on this framework.
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Spinal pain (SP), including neck and back pain, is common and often associated with poor mental health and reduced quality of life of adolescents. Contemporary understanding of SP favours a biopsychosocial approach, and emerging evidence suggests the stronger influence of psychological rather than other factors. ⋯ Our findings provide evidence that psychological distress early in life is an independent risk factor for spinal pain with impact during adolescence. As psychological distress during childhood is potentially modifiable, it may be a promising target for research on the prevention of consequential spinal pain in adolescence. Identifying and addressing psychological distress in children may be an important component of best practice to reduce consequential spinal pain in adolescents.
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Recent studies with data-driven approaches have established common pain trajectories. It is uncertain whether these trajectory patterns are consistent over time, and if a shorter measurement period will provide accurate trajectories. ⋯ Having persistent pain and having very minor pain is relatively stable over one year, while episodic pain has more potential for shifts. The duration of measurement periods appears to have an impact on the results of the classification. The given criteria resulted in a reduced frequency of episodic pattern due to shorter measurement periods. Our findings contribute to improved understanding and predicting NP using a combination of patient characteristics and trajectory patterns.