Critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Forum
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This review summarises key research papers in the fields of cardiology and intensive care published during 2007 in Critical Care. To create a context and for comparison with the papers described in the review, we cite studies on the same subject published in other journals. The papers have been grouped into four categories: venous oximetry, cardiac surgery, perioperative fluid optimisation, and haemodynamic monitoring.
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Several research papers published in Critical Care throughout 2007 examined the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of sepsis and multiorgan failure. The present review summarizes the findings and implications of the papers published on sepsis and multiorgan failure and places the research in the context of other work in the field.
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Comparative Study
Urinary interleukin-18 does not predict acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery: a prospective observational cohort study.
Urinary interleukin-18 (IL-18) measured during the immediate postoperative period could be a promising predictor of acute kidney injury following adult cardiac surgery. ⋯ In adults, early postoperative measurement of urinary IL-18 appears not to be valuable in identifying patients who develop acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery, but rather represents a nonspecific marker of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated systemic inflammation.
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Comparative Study
A quality assessment of genetic association studies supporting susceptibility and outcome in acute lung injury.
Clinical observations and animal models provide evidence that the development of acute lung injury (ALI), a phenomenon of acute diffuse lung inflammation in critically ill patients, is influenced by genetic factors. Association studies are the main tool for exploring common genetic variations underlying ALI susceptibility and/or outcome. We aimed to assess the quality of positive genetic association studies with ALI susceptibility and/or outcome in adults in order to highlight their consistency and major limitations. ⋯ Although the quality of association studies seems to have improved over the years, more and better designed studies, including the replication of previous findings, with larger sample sizes extended to population groups other than those of European descent, are needed for identifying firm genetic modifiers of ALI.
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Multicenter Study
Mild hypothermia during advanced life support: a preliminary study in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Induction of mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest may confer neuroprotection. We assessed the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of therapeutic infusion of 2 l of normal saline at 4 degrees C before return of spontaneous circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation after out of hospital cardiac arrest. ⋯ We concluded that prehospital induction of therapeutic hypothermia using infusion of 2 l of 4 degrees C normal saline during advanced life support was feasible, effective and safe. Larger studies are required to assess the impact that this early cooling has on neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest.