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Critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Forum
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Blood safety with respect to infectious complications has reached very high standards. Nevertheless, reports on transfusion-associated morbidity and mortality gain momentum. ⋯ This article outlines concepts designed to maintain hemoglobin concentration, to optimize hemostasis, and to minimize blood loss in ICUs. These measures prevent or at least alleviate hospital-acquired anemia, reduce the need for blood transfusions, and therefore have great potential to improve patient safety and medical outcome.