Critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Forum
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Comparative Study
Effects of dopexamine on the intestinal microvascular blood flow and leukocyte activation in a sepsis model in rats.
The administration of dopexamine may constitute a therapeutical option to improve hepatosplanchnic perfusion in sepsis. In order to verify this hypothesis, we administered dopexamine in an experimental sepsis model in rats. ⋯ The administration of dopexamine improved IMBF and FCD as parameters of intestinal microcirculation and reduced leukocyte activation as a parameter of inflammation in experimental sepsis.
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Comparative Study
Effect of a lung recruitment maneuver by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in experimental acute lung injury on organ blood flow in pigs.
The objective was to study the effects of a lung recruitment procedure by stepwise increases of mean airway pressure upon organ blood flow and hemodynamics during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) versus pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in experimental lung injury. ⋯ A typical recruitment procedure at the initiation of HFOV improved oxygenation but also decreased systemic hemodynamics at high transpulmonary pressures when no changes of vasoactive drugs and fluid management were performed. Blood flow to the organs was not affected during lung recruitment. These effects were independent of the ventilator mode applied.
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Comparative Study
Influence of fluid resuscitation on renal microvascular PO2 in a normotensive rat model of endotoxemia.
Septic renal failure is often seen in the intensive care unit but its pathogenesis is only partly understood. This study, performed in a normotensive rat model of endotoxemia, tests the hypotheses that endotoxemia impairs renal microvascular PO2 (microPO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2,ren), that endotoxemia is associated with a diminished kidney function, that fluid resuscitation can restore microPO2, VO2,ren and kidney function, and that colloids are more effective than crystalloids. ⋯ The loss of kidney function during endotoxemia could not be explained by an oxygen deficiency. Renal oxygen redistribution could for the first time be demonstrated during fluid resuscitation. HES130/0.4 had no influence on the VO2,ren and restored renal function with the least increase in the amount of renal work.
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Comparative Study
Long-term outcome and quality of life of patients treated in surgical intensive care: a comparison between sepsis and trauma.
Our aim was to determine long-term survival and quality of life of patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) because of sepsis or trauma. ⋯ Patients with sepsis treated in a surgical ICU have higher short-term and long-term mortality than do trauma patients. However, quality of life is reduced to the same level in both groups.
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To evaluate the impact of recent evidence-based treatments for severe sepsis in routine clinical care requires an understanding of the underlying epidemiology, particularly with regard to trends over time. We interrogated a high quality clinical database to examine trends in the incidence and mortality of severe sepsis over a nine-year period. ⋯ The population incidence of critical care admission with severe sepsis during the first 24 hours and associated hospital deaths are increasing. These baseline data provide essential information to those wishing to evaluate the introduction of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign care bundles in UK hospitals.