Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Functional magnetic stimulation using a parabolic coil for dysphagia after stroke.
Recently, the usefulness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for poststroke dysphagia has been reported. However, there is no report that describes the effectiveness of functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) for dysphagia. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effectiveness of FMS for poststroke dysphagia. ⋯ FMS using a parabolic coil can potentially improve swallowing function in poststroke dysphagic patients.
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Percutaneous spinal cord stimulation electrodes have a propensity to migrate longitudinally, which is a costly complication that often compromises therapeutic effect. After implementing simple changes to our percutaneous electrode anchoring technique, we no longer encounter this migration. The current retrospective study updates previously reported results. ⋯ Improvements to our simple, inexpensive technique apparently have eliminated the most common complication of spinal cord stimulation.
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Stimulation of axons within the dorsal columns of the human spinal cord has become a widely used therapy to treat refractory neuropathic pain. The mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated and may even be contrary to standard "gate control theory." Our hypothesis is that a computational model provides a plausible description of the mechanism by which dorsal column stimulation (DCS) inhibits wide dynamic range (WDR) cell output in a neuropathic model but not in a nociceptive pain model. ⋯ We offer a different set of necessary premises than gate control theory to explain neuropathic pain inhibition and the relative lack of nociceptive pain inhibition by using retrograde DCS. Hypotheses regarding not only the pain relief mechanisms of DCS were made but also regarding the circuitry of pain itself, both nociceptive and neuropathic. These hypotheses and further use of the model may lead to novel stimulation paradigms.
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Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump is a therapeutic option for persistent vegetative state and minimal conscious state patients that have associated spasticity. We investigated whether this treatment modality can affect their level of consciousness. ⋯ ITB might be associated with a significant improvement in the disorder of consciousness of two patients from a total of six that had a chronic ITB treatment.
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Electrical peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is discussed as an effective neuromodulatory treatment in chronic pain. This human experimental study hypothesized a rightward shift of stimulus-response function as a marker of antinociceptive and analgesic PNS effects. ⋯ Modulation of laser pain threshold, perceptual ratings, and LEP indicates a rightward shift of stimulus-response function under PNS. These data emphasize antinociceptive and analgesic effects of PNS in an experimental human model and support its clinical neuromodulative relevance.