Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Effect of Cranial Window Diameter During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery on Volume of Pneumocephalus.
Successful deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery necessitates high accuracy in targeting specific intracranial nuclei. Brain shift due to pneumocephalus can contribute to decreased accuracy. Larger burr holes and dural openings may increase pneumocephalus volume due to a greater degree of communication between the subdural space and extracranial air. The aim of this study is to determine if there is a statistically and clinically significant difference in postoperative pneumocephalus volume related to burr hole and durotomy size. ⋯ While identifying factors that may reduce pneumocephalus volume may be critical to improving stereotactic accuracy and targeting, the current results suggest that burr hole size may not alter the degree of brain shift.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Motor Threshold: A Possible Guide to Optimizing Stimulation Parameters for Motor Cortex Stimulation.
No widely accepted programming guidelines for motor cortex stimulation (MCS) exist. We propose that an individual's effective stimulation voltage can be predicted as their percentage of motor threshold (PMT). ⋯ We propose that the PMT represents an important parameter that measures the degree to which MCS may be affecting the motor cortex. A mean PMT of 62% was required for effective pain relief. Higher settings did not result in increased therapeutic efficacy but rather in a significant increase in pain. Targeting therapy to a PMT level may speed initial programming, allow more consistent longitudinal follow-up, and be a basis for a standardized programming paradigm.
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As many as 30% of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) patients fail to obtain long-term pain coverage, even with the strictest parameters of a successful trial, unremarkable psychological assessment, and ideal placement of the permanent device. Why these patients either never receive adequate benefit or lose benefit remains elusive. ⋯ Tobacco use correlates with less success with SCS at 6-month follow-up. Whether that is because of issues with healing and our transmission of signals to the periphery warrants further exploration. These data provide further evidence that tobacco cessation is important to surgical results.
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Fibromyalgia is a disorder distinguished by pervasive musculoskeletal pain that has pervasive effects on affected individuals magnifying the importance of finding a safe and viable treatment option. ⋯ This pilot study suggests that tDCS is a predictive measure for success of OFNS in short-term but cannot be used as a predictive measure for success of long-term OFNS. Our data confirm previous findings that ONFS via an implanted electrode can improve fibromyalgia pain in a placebo-controlled way and exert a long-term pain suppression effect for ONFS via an implanted electrode.
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Electrical stimulation at the dorsal column (DC) and dorsal root (DR) may inhibit spinal wide-dynamic-range (WDR) neuronal activity in nerve-injured rats. The objective of this study was to determine if applying electrical conditioning stimulation (CS) at both sites provides additive or synergistic benefits. ⋯ These findings suggest that combined stimulation of DC and DR may not be superior to DC stimulation alone for inhibition of WDR neurons.