Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Fibromyalgia causes widespread musculo-skeletal pain in the four quadrants of the body. Greater occipital nerve stimulation has recently shown beneficial effects in fibromyalgia patients on pain, fatigue, and mood disorders. Laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) are used for research to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of pain and to evaluate the effects of pain treatment. In fibromyalgia patients, LEPs tend to have a higher N2 amplitude, a tendency to shorter latencies, and patients have a lower pain threshold. Greater occipital nerve stimulation might exert a modulation of the medial pain pathways processing the affective motivational components of pain (unpleasantness) as well as the descending pain inhibitory pathways (reducing pain), both of which are contributing to the N2P2 peak. ⋯ Our results suggest Occipital Nerve Stimulation (ONS) induces a modification of the balance between antinociceptive pain inhibitory pathways and pain-provoking pathways.
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The aim of this open-label, non-randomized, clinical trial was to evaluate the feasibility of trialing ziconotide by intrathecal bolus injections. ⋯ Ziconotide bolus injection trialing seems feasible, but the proportion of responders in the present study was low. Adverse events were as expected, and no serious adverse event occurred. The predictive power of ziconotide bolus trialing remains unclear, and the pharmacological profile of ziconotide (slow tissue penetration due to high hydrophilicity) calls the rationale for bolus trialing into question.
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Multicenter Study
Improved Pain Relief With Burst Spinal Cord Stimulation for Two Weeks in Patients Using Tonic Stimulation: Results From a Small Clinical Study.
Conventional spinal cord stimulation (SCS) delivers a tonic waveform with consistent stream of pulses; burst delivers groups of pulses separated by short pulse-free periods. The current study compared the short-term safety and efficacy of burst with tonic stimulation in subjects already receiving SCS. ⋯ A majority of subjects reported improved pain relief using burst compared with tonic stimulation. Most subjects experienced less paresthesia during burst and preferred burst citing better pain relief.
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Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) revision surgery remains common, with a negative impact on cost-effectiveness and outcomes. The primary goal in this report was to retrospectively study the need for revision surgery in a large cohort of patients with newly implanted thoracic surgical three-column paddle leads, focusing on a method of implantation to reduce the need for revision surgery. Clinical outcomes were also assessed. ⋯ This report, the largest to date on patients with three-column paddle leads, shows low electrode revision rates with expected clinical success rates. Clinically relevant SSBPC was uncommon.
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Studies on the use of intrathecal perfusion devices (IPD) are still limited and therefore the aim of this study is to access the infectious complications associated to these devices. ⋯ As seen in this study, infectious complications following implantation of IPD are not uncommon and include a variety of microorganisms. Antibiotic therapy without pump removal may be enough for superficial surgical site infections, but our data suggests that pump removal is the treatment of choice for deep infections as the infection may proceed to meningitis.