Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Review Historical Article
A Visual and Narrative Timeline Review of Spinal Cord Stimulation Technology and US Food and Drug Administration Milestones.
The aim of this study was to present key technologic and regulatory milestones in spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for managing chronic pain on a narrative timeline with visual representation, relying on original sources to the extent possible. ⋯ This timeline represents the evolution of SCS technology alongside expanding FDA-approved indications for use.
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This study aims to elucidate a novel, minimally invasive surgical technique using a biportal endoscope for the implantation of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) paddle leads and to report the preliminary results of its clinical application. ⋯ Paddle lead systems for SCS can be implanted successfully using a biportal endoscopic technique.
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Inadvertent dural puncture (IDP) is a known complication associated with traditional neuraxial procedures; however, its characterization after percutaneous spinal cord stimulation (SCS) lead placement has yet to be clearly established in large population studies. This retrospective analysis aims to understand the incidence and associated characteristics of patients with IDP after percutaneous SCS lead placement. ⋯ Our findings suggest that IDP after percutaneous SCS lead placement is an uncommon event; however, certain factors are associated with its development. Overall, early recognition of IDP after percutaneous SCS lead placement is imperative to facilitate the delivery of targeted treatments and prevent further harmful consequences to the patient.
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Quantitative sensory testing (QST) has been used for decades to study sensory abnormalities in multiple conditions in which the somatosensory system is compromised, including pain. It is commonly used in pharmacologic studies on chronic pain but less so in conjunction with neuromodulation. This review aims to assess the utility of QST in spinal cord stimulation (SCS) protocols. ⋯ We recommend the adoption of QST into future clinical research protocols, using either the full QST protocol or a less time-demanding short-form QST.