Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
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Electronic noses represent a technique for the measurement of exhaled breath volatile compound pattern which can discriminate patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) from control subjects. Although overnight changes in circulating biomarkers were reported, this effect on the exhaled volatile compound pattern has not been studied before. We aimed to compare breath patterns in the evening and in the morning in patients with OSA and to study the ability of the electronic nose to distinguish patients from controls based on these exhaled volatile patterns. ⋯ Evening and morning exhaled volatile compound patterns are different in OSA. This might affect the ability of electronic noses to identify this disorder. Overnight alterations in volatile substances need to be taken into account during exhaled breath measurements in OSA.
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Obstructive sleep apnoea is recognised as a common but under-diagnosed health issue. Currently, there is very little published data relating to the burden and impact of obstructive sleep apnoea among indigenous populations. The purpose of this review was to investigate the prevalence, impact, risk factors and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in indigenous populations in high-income countries. ⋯ Indigenous populations in high-income countries are subject to an overall greater prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea that is also more severe. A higher prevalence of obesity, alcohol and tobacco use and comorbid medical conditions associated with low socioeconomic status rather than indigenous status per se appears to explain this disparity.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition related to several cardiovascular complications. We assessed the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on myocardial performance and various somatometric parameters in patients with severe OSA receiving CPAP. ⋯ CPAP therapy in OSA patients was found to improve right heart chambers remodeling and performance as well as somatometric characteristics. The impact of CPAP on LV performance seems less pronounced.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for significant perioperative complications. This national survey study sought to determine the attitudes of physicians involved in the perioperative care of OSA patients. ⋯ The majority of physicians in this survey felt OSA was a significant risk factor for perioperative complications and most reported experience with OSA patients having an adverse outcome. Perioperative management guidelines for OSA are not available at most institutions. Further work is needed to help physicians identify and intervene on patients with OSA in the perioperative setting before adverse events develop.
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Comparative Study
Diagnostic accuracy of sleep bruxism scoring in absence of audio-video recording: a pilot study.
Based on the most recent polysomnographic (PSG) research diagnostic criteria, sleep bruxism is diagnosed when >2 rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA)/h of sleep are scored on the masseter and/or temporalis muscles. These criteria have not yet been validated for portable PSG systems. This pilot study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of scoring sleep bruxism in absence of audio-video recordings. ⋯ Although the absence of audio-video recording, the diagnostic accuracy of assessing RMMA with portable PSG systems appeared to remain good, supporting their use for both research and clinical purposes. However, the risk of moderate overestimation in absence of audio-video must be taken into account.