Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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To summarize the current knowledge on vitamin D with a special focus on critically ill patients. ⋯ To date, it is not clear whether vitamin D deficiency is a surrogate marker for increased morbidity or whether treatment with sufficiently large doses of vitamin D may improve patient outcome in an intensive care setting.
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Nutrition risk assessment is of great importance to identify patients who may benefit from nutritional intervention to prevent ICU starvation and avoid side-effects of nutrition care. The full spectrum of nutrition risk assessment in ICU has not been defined in guidelines. ⋯ Safe and efficient nutrition care may only be obtained when gastrointestinal function and metabolic tolerance of nutrients are regularly assessed.