Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2005
Multicenter StudyClinical evaluation of the lateral sagittal infraclavicular block developed by MRI studies.
Lateral sagittal infraclavicular block by single injection has a faster performance time and causes less discomfort than does axillary block by multiple injections. This prospective, descriptive, multicenter study assessed block effectiveness, onset time, and incidence of adverse events and verified the noninvasive measurements from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Block effectiveness (91%) and onset time (20 minutes) were satisfactory and comparable to the vertical paracoracoid approach. The low rate of axillary vessel punctures (2%) may be the most important advantage of this block. The needle insertion depth measurements confirmed the MRI findings, but the dorsal angle was steeper than predicted.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2005
The musculocutaneous nerve: ultrasound appearance for peripheral nerve block.
To gain complete anesthesia of the forearm, block of the musculocutaneous nerve is necessary. Variations in its course and position make localization of the musculocutaneous nerve problematic. The aim of the study is to describe the ultrasound appearance of the musculocutaneous nerve in the axilla and to suggest potential areas to target neural block. ⋯ Knowledge of its ultrasound appearance facilitates localization and successful block of the musculocutaneous nerve. Because the distance between the musculocutaneous nerve and brachial plexus varies, different locations of musculocutaneous nerve puncture during ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia can be chosen.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2005
Effects of naloxone on stress-induced analgesia after hemorrhagic shock.
To investigate whether endogenous opioids might be involved in the mechanisms that underlie hemorrhagic shock-induced analgesia, formalin tests were performed after hemorrhage and reinfusion in naloxone pretreated and untreated rats. ⋯ Naloxone did not reverse the hemorrhagic shock-induced analgesia, which suggests that endogenous opioids might not be a major factor that governs stress-induced analgesia (SIA) after hemorrhagic shock.