Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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A model can be defined as an abstraction of reality which accounts for those properties ofa phenomenon that are pertinent to the purpose of the model. Models are used in anesthesia to understand the various physiologic, pharmacological and physical processes that occur during anesthesia. Indeed, many different types of models that comply with our definition can be distinguished. ⋯ Physical models of drug uptake and distribution have been developed to explain the kinetics of volatile anesthetics in the body. The goal of this paper is to introduce the reader to some of the types of models that been used to facilitate education and research in anesthesia. These examples will elucidate the steps involved in developing a model and the various types of models that have proven useful.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jan 1998
Comparative StudyThe application of a modified proportional-derivative control algorithm to arterial pressure alarms in anesthesiology.
We have developed an arterial pressure alarm system based on a modified proportional-derivative (PD) controller algorithm, and prospectively tested its ability to predict significant hypotensive episodes, defined as systolic arterial pressure < 80 mmHg, in comparison to conventional limit alarms. ⋯ An arterial pressure alarm system design based on a closed loop control algorithm offered improved perform ance over conventional limit alarms and in addition provided a graded output of severity of the hypotension.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jan 1998
Comparative StudyNew equipment for neuromuscular transmission monitoring: a comparison of the TOF-Guard with the Myograph 2000.
The present study is to clarify whether the bias and limits of agreement of the TOF-Guard and the mechanomyograph differ from those of two mechanomyographs on contra lateral arms. Previous studies of the bias and limits of agreement between acceleromyographical (TOF-Guard) and mechanomyographical measurements of neuromuscular transmission did not take the error introduced by using contra lateral arms into consideration. ⋯ Due to wide limits of agreement and different recovery courses, acccleromyographic and mechanomyographic recordings of neuromuscular transmission cannot be used interchangeably. The substantial variation between simultaneous mechanomyographical recordings of neuromuscular transmission obtained in contra lateral arms suggests that this factor should be taken into account when studying new neuromuscular monitoring techniques using the two-arm technique.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jan 1998
Comparative StudyTranscranial Doppler blood flow velocity versus 133Xe clearance cerebral blood flow during mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
Transcranial doppler (TCD) is used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to assess cerebral emboli and to estimate cerebral perfusion. We sought to compare TCD middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (Vmca) to 133Xe clearance cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements during mild hypothermic CPB thus determining its utility in cerebral perfusion assessment. ⋯ These findings suggest that TCD Vmca is a relatively poor correlate of CBF during mild hypothermic CPB.