Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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Cyanosis was used for a century after dentists began pulling teeth under 100% N(2)O in 1844 because brief (2 min) severe hypoxia is harmless. Deaths came with curare and potent anesthetic respiratory arrest. Leland Clark's invention of a polarographic blood oxygen tension electrode (1954) was introduced for transcutaneous PO2 monitoring to adjust PEEP and CPAP PO2 to prevent premature infant blindness from excess O2 (1972). ⋯ Continuous monitoring of airway anesthetic concentration and oxygen also became very common after 1980. Death from anesthesia fell 10 fold between 1985 and 2000 as pulse oximetry became universally used, but no proof of a causative relationship to pulse oximetry exists. It is now assumed that all anesthesiologist became much more aware of the dangers of prolonged hypoxia, perhaps by using the pulse oximeters.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2011
Evaluation of mean systemic filling pressure from pulse contour cardiac output and central venous pressure.
The volemic status of a patient can be determined by measuring mean systemic filling pressure (Pmsf). Pmsf is obtained from the venous return curve, i.e. the relationship between central venous pressure (Pcv) and blood flow. We evaluated the feasibility and precision of Pmsf measurement. ⋯ During an inspiratory hold pulmonary flow and aortic flow equilibrate. Cardiac output estimates by arterial pulse contour and by a flow probe around the aorta are interchangeable. Therefore, the venous return curve and Pmsf can be estimated accurately by pulse contour methods.