Journal of palliative medicine
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Cultural competency is increasingly recommended in policy and practice to improve end-of-life (EoL) care for minority ethnic groups in multicultural societies. It is imperative to critically analyze this approach to understand its underlying concepts. ⋯ The variety of terms, definitions, and models underpinning cultural competency approaches demonstrates a lack of conceptual clarity, and potentially complicates implementation. Further research is needed to compare the use of cultural competency approaches in diverse cultures and settings, and to assess the impact of such approaches on patient outcomes.
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Cancer-related lymphedema management in palliative care remains a challenge for health care professionals. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature related to the effectiveness of cancer-related lymphedema management in the palliative care setting. ⋯ Five case studies were identified addressing closed-controlled subcutaneous drainage; one retrospective study on manual lymphatic drainage (MLD); two case studies on compression therapy; and three case studies on complete decongestive therapy (CDT). All studies were rated in the category of "effectiveness not established" due to study limitations in design and sample size. Few studies included objective measures of outcomes, and there were no randomized controlled trials. There is a need for larger, well-designed research studies to test the effectiveness of management of cancer-related lymphedema in palliative care.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Improving residents' code status discussion skills: a randomized trial.
Inpatient Code Status Discussions (CSDs) are commonly facilitated by resident physicians, despite inadequate training. We studied the efficacy of a CSD communication skills training intervention for internal medicine residents. ⋯ A focused, multimodality curriculum can improve resident performance of simulated CSDs. Skill improvement lasted for at least 2 months after the intervention. Further studies are needed to assess skill retention and to set minimum performance standards.