Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
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While gender and racial/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have each been well characterized, few studies have comprehensively examined how patterns of major CVD risk factors vary and intersect across gender and major racial/ethnic groups, considered together. Using data from New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014-a population-based, cross-sectional survey of NYC residents ages 20 years and older-we measured prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and diabetes across gender and race/ethnicity groups for 1527 individuals. We used logistic regression with predicted marginal to estimate age-adjusted prevalence ratio by gender and race/ethnicity groups and assess for potential additive and multiplicative interaction. ⋯ Non-Latino black women also had higher total cholesterol compared to non-Latino black men (184.4 vs 170.5 mg/dL, p = 0.010). Despite efforts to improve cardiovascular health and narrow disparities, non-Latino black women continue to have a higher burden of CVD risk factors than other gender and racial/ethnic groups. This study highlights the importance of assessing for intersectionality between gender and race/ethnicity groups when examining CVD risk factors.
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Comparative Study
Contributions of Neighborhood Parks to Physical Activity in High-Poverty Urban Neighborhoods.
Neighborhood parks are important venues for the urban population to do moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in leisure time. Parks can be particularly important for low-income neighborhoods, whose residents suffer from high rates of chronic diseases and may have less access to fee-based fitness exercise facilities. ⋯ Parks' contribution to physical activity was positively associated with park size (β = 0.13, p < 0.0001) and negatively associated with poverty (β = - 0.10, p < 0.0001) and local population density (β = - 0.25, p = 0.005). Parks in high-poverty neighborhoods in Los Angeles are underutilized, and more efforts are needed to fully realize their potential for population health.
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There were two errors in this article as originally published: Coauthor Olga L. Sarmiento was listed with an affiliation-Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute-that does not apply to her (only "Universidad de los Andes Bogota, Colombia" is a correct affiliation for her).
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Readers should note the following two typographical errors in this article.
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Multicenter Study
Socio-Economic Status and Prevalence of Self-Reported Osteoporosis in Tehran: Results from a Large Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study (Urban HEART-2).
Osteoporosis is a widespread disease among older peoples. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis and assessing its association with socio-economic status. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2011. ⋯ No association was found between participants' skill levels and Townsend deprivation index with the prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis. The findings of the present study have improved understanding of the association between socioeconomic status and osteoporosis in the Iranian population. It is important to consider socioeconomic status in screening and prevention programs.