Journal of science and medicine in sport
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The use of synthetic grass cricket pitches is becoming more common at club and sub-elite levels which constitute the majority of cricket participants but there is sparse data on ball bounce characteristics on these surfaces. ⋯ Differences were detected between the different synthetic cricket surfaces and also when compared to natural turf. This variability may have implications for skill development as well as safety.
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Recent evidence suggests that shoulder impingement syndrome arises from primary rotator cuff pathology and may be related to the inability of the rotator cuff to prevent superior humeral head migration in shoulder elevation. Impingement involves compression of subacromial structures, including the rotator cuff. Previously, clinical tests have been shown to be inaccurate in diagnosing rotator cuff impingement. A lack of anatomical validity might explain the inaccuracy of these tests. This study aimed to clarify the anatomical basis of subacromial compression of the rotator cuff by analysing the compression forces generated and observing the structures impinged in a variety of shoulder positions. ⋯ This study identifies shoulder positions likely to impinge particular rotator cuff tendons.
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Patellar tendinopathy is a common and often difficult to treat overuse injury which is characterized by activity-related anterior knee and focal palpation tenderness of the patellar tendon. The clinical diagnosis is mainly based on clinical examination, in which the yardstick is a non-standardized manual palpation. To standardize this palpation procedure the use of an algometer seems applicable. ⋯ The PPT of asymptomatic athletes differs significantly (p<.001) from athletes with a diagnosis of patellar tendinopathy. The inter-rater (ICC 0.93) and intra-rater (ICC 0.60) reliability of the pain pressure threshold are adequate to moderate. Although further research is warranted PPT algometry seems to be a feasible, reliable and useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of athletes with patellar tendinopathy.
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Clinical Trial
Testing procedures for SLAP lesions of the shoulder involving contraction and torsion of biceps long head and glenohumeral glides.
Testing procedures for SLAP lesions of the shoulder can combine resisted elbow flexion, forearm pronation and supination, and glenohumeral glides. These procedures reproduce symptoms by increasing biceps long head active tension or passive torsion, and by placing the shoulder in an unstable position. We compared activation of biceps long head and pain intensity, between supinated and pronated forearm positions, between different glides, and between individuals with and without shoulder impairment. ⋯ No one combination of testing procedures appeared to be diagnostic of SLAP lesions in our sample. This study supports the theory that biceps long head acts as a stabiliser of the shoulder, and suggests that clinical testing procedures for SLAP lesions may need to inhibit biceps long head activity. The addition of glides to SLAP testing procedures did not affect the reproduction of pain.
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Multicenter Study
Psychosocial and demographic correlates of objectively measured physical activity in structured and unstructured after-school recreation sessions.
Most studies of psychosocial and demographic correlates of physical activity (PA) have examined relationships across various types of physical and social environments, rather than within a specific environmental behavior setting. The objective of this study was to investigate correlates of PA in structured and unstructured after-school recreation sessions. This study is cross-sectional. ⋯ For unstructured sessions, only gender was related to PA. Despite equivalent opportunities to participate in active recreation, boys were more active than girls, and children varied in PA level partly due to psychosocial factors. Our results showed that PA self-efficacy and enjoyment explained variability in structured PA sessions.