Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
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Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) symptoms are close to those of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the differential diagnosis is difficult especially early in the disease. Unfortunately, AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and more particularly Aβ1 - 42, appear to be altered in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). However, the level of these biomarkers has never been studied in the prodromal stage of the disease. ⋯ We have shown that at the prodromal stage the DLB patients had no pathological profile. Consequently, CSF AD biomarkers are extremely useful for differentiating AD from DLB patients particularly at this stage when the clinical diagnosis is difficult. Thus, these results open up new perspectives on the interpretation of AD biomarkers in DLB.
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Dementia severity can be modeled as the construct δ, representing the "cognitive correlates of functional status." ⋯ Using δ as an estimate of dementia severity fits well within a structural model in which AD pathology directly affects dementia severity and mediates the relationship between age and APOE genotype on dementia severity.
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The contribution of cerebral small vessel disease to cognitive decline, especially in non-Caucasian populations, is not well established. ⋯ Frontal lacunar infarcts are associated with MCR in Indian seniors, perhaps, by contributing to slow gait and poor memory function.
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We report a biomarker and genetic evaluation of four patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) treated with corticosteroids. Patients presented with focal symptomatology and cognitive impairment. MRI revealed cortical microbleeds and asymmetrical hyperintense white matter lesions (WML). ⋯ The APOEɛ4 allele was overrepresented. Florbetapir-PET showed cortical deposition with lower retention in swollen areas. In the case of suspected CAA-ri, both CSF anti-Aβ autoantibodies levels and Florbetapir-PET could provide highly useful data to guide the correct diagnosis.
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The language profile of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) remains to be fully defined. ⋯ bvFTD is associated with a language profile including verbal semantic impairment that warrants further evaluation as a novel biomarker.