Surgical infections
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Surgical infections · Feb 2016
Multicenter StudySurgical Site Infection Rates in Four Cities in Brazil: Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium.
There are no data on surgical site infection (SSI) rates stratified by surgical procedures (SPs) in Brazil, and our objective was to report such rates. ⋯ Our SSI rates were greater in two of the four analyzed types of SPs compared with CDC-NHSN, but similar to most INICC rates. These findings on the epidemiology of SSI in Brazil will enable us to introduce targeted interventions for infection control.
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Surgical infections · Feb 2016
De-Escalation of Antibiotics Does Not Increase Mortality in Critically Ill Surgical Patients.
Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics results in microbial resistance and financially is a healthcare burden. Antibiotic de-escalation refers to starting treatment of a presumed infection with broad-spectrum antibiotics and narrowing drug spectrum based on culture sensitivities. A study was designed to evaluate antibiotic de-escalation at a tertiary care center. We hypothesized that antibiotic de-escalation would not be associated with increased patient mortality rates or worsening of the primary infection. ⋯ Antibiotic de-escalation was not associated with increased mortality rates, but the duration of antibiotic use was longer in this group. Greater mortality rates were observed in the non-deescalated group, but this likely owes at least in part to their relatively greater severity of disease classification (APACHE II). Further investigation will help evaluate whether antibiotic de-escalation will improve the quality of patient care.
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Surgical infections · Feb 2016
Antioxidant Effects of Probiotics in Experimentally Induced Peritonitis.
An experimental study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of probiotics on gut mucosa in peritonitis through antioxidant mechanisms. ⋯ Probiotics have protective effects in peritonitis, which may be related to antioxidant mechanisms. This antioxidant effect of probiotics might occur when pre-conditioning with probiotics before peritonitis because there is sufficient time to prepare the tissues for oxidative damage.