Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Guidelines recommend assessment of smoking status, with advice and support for smoking cessation, as a routine and integral part of antenatal care. Approximately 50% of pregnant Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women smoke through pregnancy, 3 times the rate of other pregnant Australian women. This study describes smoking cessation assessment and support reported by pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. ⋯ Despite most pregnant women who smoke reporting advice and support to quit, the persisting high prevalence of smoking suggests that this support is insufficient to overcome the many factors pushing women to smoke. Improving the support provided to women will require empowering the antenatal providers with adequate skills, appropriate resources and effective interventions. Current guidelines are based on research from non-Indigenous populations, as there are no published effective interventions for Indigenous pregnant women. Trials of interventions designed specifically for pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are urgently needed, as are approaches aimed at reducing uptake of smoking.
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Telephone quitlines are an effective treatment option for tobacco cessation in the general population. Many participants who use quitline services have mental health conditions (MHC), yet few published studies have examined the use of quitline services in this population. This study examined the prevalence of MHC among state quitline participants and compared cessation outcomes among those with and without MHC. ⋯ This study identified that participants with MHC accessed a state quitline, but were less likely to quit. The finding was independent of other factors influencing tobacco cessation, such as gender, race, and education. These findings indicate that although quitline services are an option for tobacco cessation among persons with MHC, further research is needed to determine why cessation rates are lower.
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The current study examined home and full (i.e., home plus car) smoking ban adoption as secondary outcomes to a randomized controlled trial targeting reduced secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) for children under treatment for cancer. ⋯ Smoking bans are in-line with Healthy People 2020's tobacco objectives and may be more feasible for parents with medically compromised children for immediate SHSe reduction. Furthermore, interventions targeting full smoking bans may be a more effective for comprehensive elimination of SHSe.
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Gradually reducing cigarette consumption is an approach used to quit smoking, but has not been widely studied at a population level. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and demographic characteristics of U.S. adult smokers who tried to reduce to quit, and the relationship between reducing and successful quitting. ⋯ Reducing to quit is a common cessation strategy and, in these analyses, was associated with lower cessation success rates. More research on reducing to quit in a real-world setting is needed before widely recommending it as a cessation strategy.
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Using nationally representative data, we assessed the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smokers who tried switching to smokeless tobacco (SLT) or to other combusted tobacco (OCT) products to quit. ⋯ Data suggest that switching to other tobacco products is a prevalent cessation approach; messages are needed to help clinicians encourage smokers who try to quit by switching to use evidence-based cessation approaches.