Circulation research
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Circulation research · Apr 2016
Review Meta AnalysisGlobal Burden of Thrombosis: Epidemiologic Aspects.
Thromboembolic conditions were estimated to account for 1 in 4 deaths worldwide in 2010 and are the leading cause of mortality. Thromboembolic conditions are divided into arterial and venous thrombotic conditions. Ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke comprise the major arterial thromboses and deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism comprise venous thromboembolism. ⋯ Global public awareness is substantially lower for pulmonary embolism (54%) and deep-vein thrombosis (44%) than heart attack (88%) and stroke (85%). Over time, the incidence and MRs of these conditions have improved in developed countries, but are increasing in developing countries. Public health efforts to measure disease burden and increase awareness of symptoms and risk factors need to improve, particularly in low- and middle-income regions to address this leading cause of morbidity and mortality.
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Circulation research · Mar 2016
Review Meta AnalysisImpact of Cell Therapy on Myocardial Perfusion and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Angina Refractory to Medical Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
The effect of stem/progenitor cells on myocardial perfusion and clinical outcomes in patients with refractory angina remains unclear because studies published to date have been small phase I-II trials. ⋯ The present meta-analysis indicates that cell-based therapies are not only safe but also lead to an improvement in indices of angina, relevant clinical outcomes, and myocardial perfusion in patients with refractory angina. These encouraging results suggest that larger, phase III randomized controlled trials are in order to conclusively determine the effect of stem/progenitor cells in refractory angina.
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Circulation research · Mar 2016
ReviewCardio-Oncology: An Update on Cardiotoxicity of Cancer-Related Treatment.
Through the success of basic and disease-specific research, cancer survivors are one of the largest growing subsets of individuals accessing the healthcare system. Interestingly, cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors after recurrent malignancy. ⋯ In this review, we will discuss the most recent views on the cardiotoxicity related to various classes of chemotherapy agents and radiation. We will also discuss broadly the current strategies for treating and preventing cardiovascular effects of cancer therapy.
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Circulation research · Mar 2016
Endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mediates Diet-Induced Aortic Stiffness in Females.
Enhanced activation of the mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) in cardiovascular tissues increases oxidative stress, maladaptive immune responses, and inflammation with associated functional vascular abnormalities. We previously demonstrated that consumption of a Western diet (WD) for 16 weeks results in aortic stiffening, and that these abnormalities were prevented by systemic MR blockade in female mice. However, the cell-specific role of endothelial cell MR (ECMR) in these maladaptive vascular effects has not been explored. ⋯ Increased ECMR signaling associated with consumption of a WD plays a key role in endothelial sodium channel activation, reduced nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, and inflammation that lead to aortic remodeling and stiffness in female mice.
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Circulation research · Jan 2016
Cardiac Myocyte KLF5 Regulates Ppara Expression and Cardiac Function.
Fatty acid oxidation is transcriptionally regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α and under normal conditions accounts for 70% of cardiac ATP content. Reduced Ppara expression during sepsis and heart failure leads to reduced fatty acid oxidation and myocardial energy deficiency. Many of the transcriptional regulators of Ppara are unknown. ⋯ Cardiac myocyte KLF5 is a transcriptional regulator of Ppara and cardiac energetics.