Oncotarget
-
Immune escape of a tumor from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is induced by PD-L1, which is suppressed by miR-197. We investigated the clinicopathologic implications of the miR-197/PD-L1 axis and its effects on TILs and the clinicopathologic features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We used RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 68 OSCC patients to analyze the correlations between tumoral expression of miR-197 and PD-L1 and the degree of tumoral invasion by TILs (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, PD-1+, FoxP3+, and CD20+ lymphocytes). ⋯ In a univariate survival analysis of the full cohort, high miR-197 was associated with poor overall survival, whereas high PD-L1 expression (2+) associated with good overall survival. In a multivariate analysis stratified based on miR-197 (median), high PD-L1 expression (2+) was an independent favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.040) in the miR-197high subgroup but not the miR-197low subgroup. These findings may have clinicopathologic implications for the miR-197/PD-L1 axis and TILs in OSCC.
-
CD166 has been identified as an important cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship between CD166 expression and clinical features and to examine the role of CD166 expression on the survival of patients with CRC. A total of 15 studies with 3,332 cases were identified in this meta-analysis. ⋯ Meanwhile, CD166 expression was not associated with the prognosis of overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.45-3.22, P = 0.72) in multivariate regression analysis. One study reported that CD166 expression may be a predictor of survival in stage II CRC patients using multivariate logistic regression analysis (OS: OR = 9.97, P = 0.035; disease-specific survival: OR = 29.02, P = 0.011). Our findings suggest that CD166 expression may be correlated with CRC carcinogenesis and a decreased risk of vascular invasion, and it may become a predictive biomarker of survival for stage II CRC patients, but additional studies with large sample sizes are essential to validate the prognostic and predictive values of CD166 expression.
-
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly validated class of endogenous non-coding RNA, generated from the ligation of exons, introns, or both, which arise via a diverse number of cellular mechanisms. Due to rapid advances in the development of combined high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyzing tools, many circRNAs have recently been discovered, revealing an expansive number of ubiquitously expressed mammalian circRNAs. ⋯ Indeed, recent evidence has shown that circRNAs are associated with many human cancers. Herein, we review the molecular characteristics and biogenesis of circRNAs, with a focus on newly identified circRNAs that may play an important role in human cancer, through their regulation of miR expression.
-
Currently available studies have suggested that a number of exosome-encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as stable biomarkers for cancers. However, little is known about the effect of exosomal miRNAs on colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of study is to identify specific miRNAs in serum exosomes, which may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC. ⋯ Networks analyses revealed that 5 aberrantly expressed miRNAs (miR-638, miR-5787, miR-8075, miR-6869-5p, and miR-548c-5p) might be involved in the process of glucose metabolism in CRC. The present study shows the specific serum profile of exosome-encapsulated miRNAs in CRC. Those specific miRNAs in serum exosomes may serve as disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for CRC.
-
To compare the clinical outcomes between short-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and long-course CRT with delayed surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. ⋯ Preoperative short-course CRT is an effective and safe modality. It is clinically comparable to long-course CRT in locally advanced rectal cancer.