Diseases of the colon and rectum
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Microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity of chromosomes 18q, 8p, and 4p are genetic alterations commonly found in colorectal cancer. We investigated whether these genetic markers allow for the stratification of patients with Stage II to III colorectal cancer into groups with different recurrence risks, and with different prognoses. ⋯ Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 18q is an informative genetic marker, which in resected Stage III colorectal cancer can be used to predict recurrences and survival. Microsatellite instability identified cases that, even in the case of recurrence, have a more favorable prognosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Perianal abscess: a pilot study comparing packing with nonpacking of the abscess cavity.
Perianal sepsis is traditionally treated by incision and drainage, with packing of the residual cavity until healing. This study was designed to show that perianal abscess may be safely treated by incision and drainage alone. ⋯ Our pilot study indicates that perianal abscesses can be managed safely without continued packing of the cavity without any obvious complications.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Stents or open operation for palliation of colorectal cancer: a retrospective, cohort study of perioperative outcome and long-term survival.
Expandable, metallic stents provide a new modality of palliation for patients with noncurable metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. This study was designed to compare the use of expandable metallic stents as a palliative measure to traditional open surgical management, with particular reference to length of stay, and survival. ⋯ Patients treated with stents are discharged earlier than after open surgery. Stents do not affect survival. Expandable metal stents provide an acceptable alternative and may be better than traditional open surgical techniques.
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Management of civilian penetrating colon injuries in the adult has evolved from the universal use of fecal diversion to the highly selective use of colostomy. We hypothesized that a similar management approach was appropriate for the pediatric population. ⋯ Primary repair was used safely in most cases of civilian penetrating colon injuries in the pediatric population. All rectal injuries were treated with colostomy in this series. Fecal diversion was used selectively. Colostomy was performed for selected cases of colon wounds associated with shock, multiple blood transfusions, multiple other injuries, extensive contamination, and high-velocity weapons. In the absence of these associated factors, primary repair appears justified.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Carbohydrate-electrolyte (E-Lyte) solution enhances bowel preparation with oral fleet phospho-soda.
Bowel preparation with oral sodium phosphate can cause symptomatic dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. This randomized, controlled trial was designed to evaluate whether carbohydrate-electrolyte (E-Lyte) solution enhanced bowel preparation and improved patient acceptance with oral sodium phosphate. ⋯ Carbohydrate-electrolyte (E-Lyte) solution protects against hypokalemia, improves patient tolerability, and may enhance use of oral sodium phosphate as a bowel-preparation agent.