Curr Ther Res Clin E
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Feb 2010
Comparison of ramosetron, dexamethasone, and a combination of ramosetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in Korean women undergoing thyroidectomy: A double-blind, randomized, controlled study.
Thyroidectomy is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), ranging from 51% to 76%. Because these symptoms are distressing for patients, prophylactic medication to avoid or reduce PONV is recommended. ⋯ The combination of ramosetron and dexamethasone was more effective in reducing PONV than was dexamethasone monotherapy. However, the combination did not show additional benefits compared with ramosetron alone in preventing PONV after thyroidectomy in these Korean women.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Dec 2009
Efficacy and safety of solifenacin succinate 10 mg once Daily: A multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial in patients with overactive bladder.
Solifenacin succinate is an antimuscarinic drug with reported efficacy and tolerability at a recommended starting dose of 5 mg QD in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). ⋯ This study found that solifenacin 10 mg QD for 12 weeks was associated with significantly reduced symptoms of OAB, including the frequency of micturition, and episodes of urgency and of incontinence. With solifenacin, the volume voided per micturition increased by 47.2 mL, and 53% of patients with ≥1 incontinence episode per 24 hours at baseline achieved complete continence. This efficacy was accompanied by a favorable safety and tolerability profile.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Oct 2009
Comparison of effect of premixed lidocaine in propofol with or without ketorolac pretreatment with placebo on reducing pain on injection of propofol: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adult Korean surgical patients.
Pain on injection of propofol is a common adverse event. ⋯ In this Korean population, premixed lidocaine in propofol with or without ketorolac pretreatment was associated with significantly less pain when compared with placebo. The combination of ketorolac pretreatment and premixed lidocaine in propofol was more effective in decreasing the incidence of moderate or severe pain compared with placebo.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Jun 2009
Controlled hypotension with desflurane combined with esmolol or dexmedetomidine during tympanoplasty in adults: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.
Controlled hypotension is a technique that is used to limit intraoperative blood loss to provide the best possible surgical field during surgery. ⋯ Both esmolol and dexmedetomidine, combined with desflurane, provided an effective and well-tolerated method of achieving controlled hypotension to limit the amount of blood in the surgical field in these adult patients undergoing tympanoplasty. Esmolol was associated with significantly shorter extubation and recovery times and significantly less postoperative sedation compared with dexmedetomidine.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Jun 2009
Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl on airway reflexes and hemodynamic responses to tracheal extubation during rhinoplasty: A double-blind, randomized, controlled study.
Stimulation of various sites, from the nasal mucosa to the diaphragm, can evoke laryngospasm. To reduce airway reflexes, tracheal extubation should be performed while the patient is deeply anesthetized or with drugs that do not depress ventilation. However, tracheal extubation during rhinoplasty may be difficult because of the aspiration of blood and the possibility of laryngospasm. Dexmedetomidine and fentanyl both have sedative and analgesic effects, but dexmedetomidine has been reported to induce sedation without affecting respiratory status. ⋯ The findings in the present study suggest that dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg IV, administered before extubation, was more effective in attenuating airway reflex responses to tracheal extubation and maintaining hemodynamic stability without prolonging recovery compared with fentanyl 1 μg/kg IV in these patients undergoing rhinoplasty.