Indian J Med Res
-
India is classified along with the sub-Saharan African countries to be among those with a high burden and the least prospects of a favourable time trend of the disease as of now (Group IV countries). The average prevalence of all forms of tuberculosis in India is estimated to be 5.05 per thousand, prevalence of smear-positive cases 2.27 per thousand and average annual incidence of smear-positive cases at 84 per 1,00,000 annually. The credibility and use of the estimates are discussed in detail. ⋯ RNTCP needs to be used as an effective instrument to bring a change in epidemiological situation, through fast expansion and achievement of global target. The present review describes the global tuberculosis situation, and views it in the context of the goal of the antituberculosis intervention activities. It presents the epidemiological situation in India, comments on the current trend and discusses the efforts taken towards making projections on the likely burden of disease in India over time.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Efficacy & tolerability of ondansetron compared to metoclopramide in dose dependent cisplatin-induced delayed emesis.
Delayed emesis with cisplatin is a significant problem, which is often poorly controlled with conventional antiemetics. There is a relative paucity of data on the control of delayed emesis and rather inconsistent results have been reported. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of ondansetron versus metoclopramide in dose related grades of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis. ⋯ The results demonstrate that delayed emesis due to cisplatin is also dose related, and superior antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron compared to metoclopramide is maintained, though its superiority is less marked than against acute emesis. Metoclopramide and dexamethasone combination matched the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron monotherapy.
-
Comparative Study
Epidemiological, clinical & pharmacological study of antimony-resistant visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar, India.
Sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) is reported to be losing its efficacy in Bihar as a first line drug for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Concerned with the increasing incidence of antimony-resistant VL patients in Bihar, we undertook an epidemiological, clinical and pharmacological study to formulate a scientific basis for choosing a suitable first line drug for VL. ⋯ Antimony resistant strains of L. donovani were wide spread over different geographical areas in Bihar. SAG cured lesser percentage of VL cases clinically compared to AMB and should be replaced by AMB as a first line drug.