Indian J Med Res
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To determine normal values for phrenic nerve stimulation, the phrenic nerve was stimulated transcutaneously in 22 healthy adolescent male volunteers. The phrenic latency, amplitude and duration of the evoked diaphragm action potential (EDAP) were noted. ⋯ No significant correlations were observed between EDAP and the parameters of diaphragm strength. The correlation coefficient between the amplitude-duration product of EDAP (integral EDAP) and MMIP was +0.15 and it was +0.29 between the integral EDAP and MVV.
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With the aim of defecting the potential hazard of air embolism, end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) was monitored in 238 patients undergoing neurosurgery (in the sitting position), for early detection of venous air embolism (VAE). Fifty six episodes (26.3%) of significant fall in ETCO2 were observed in 41 patients (17.2%). ⋯ Thirteen patients had positive air aspiration and cardiac murmurs were heard in only six. One patient suffered severe hypoxaemia (PaO2 = 55 mm Hg) whereas two had severe haemodynamic disturbances, but could be promptly resuscitated.
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In 10 patients of type I diabetes who were free from clinically apparent vascular disease, platelet functions were studied prior to control, and 10 days and 3 months after strict metabolic control. Platelet hyperactivity, seen as significant shortening of latent period and increase in rate and degree of aggregation, present in patients in the initial uncontrolled state, but absent at the subsequent two periods did not correlate with glycosylation of haemoglobin. Thus control of diabetes mellitus, capable of reversing platelet hyperactivity, is reflected by blood sugar levels, and not by the glycosylation status of haemoglobin.
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Levels of stable form of HbA1 in blood were estimated in 20 male heroin addicts, so as to assess the effect of chronic opioid use on glucose metabolism. No significant difference in the levels of stable form of HbA1 was observed in the heroin addicts as compared to controls, indicating absence of any long-term impairment of glucose tolerance in heroin addicts.