J Emerg Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Insertion of the LMA-Unique with and without digital intraoral manipulation by inexperienced personnel after manikin-only training.
In a randomized, crossover study, we compared insertion of the LMA-Unique with and without digital intraoral manipulation by inexperienced personnel after manikin-only training. Ten registered nurses with no hands-on clinical experience of airway management and 100 anesthetized, paralyzed adults (ASA Status 1-2, aged 18-80 years) participated in the trial. Training comprised: 1) a 30-min didactic lecture; 2) a 3-min description of each of the insertion techniques; 3) a 3-min demonstration of each technique using a manikin; 4) 10 min of supervised training on the manikin with each technique. ⋯ There were no differences in performance among nurses. We conclude that insertion of the LMA-Unique is equally successful with or without digital intraoral manipulation by inexperienced personnel in paralyzed adults after manikin-only training. Successful insertion of the LMA-Unique does not require insertion of the finger into the patient's mouth.
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Although pediatric cardiac disorders are not commonly seen in the Emergency Department, they are important to identify to prevent further morbidity or mortality. Diagnosis may be complicated by the lack of classic complaints such as chest pain or palpitations that are commonly associated with cardiac disorders. ⋯ This article reviews pertinent issues concerning diagnosis and management of pediatric cardiac disorders including supraventricular tachycardia, congenital heart disease, prolonged QT syndrome, pericarditis, myocarditis, rheumatic fever, and endocarditis. It also reviews abnormal findings in pediatric electrocardiograms.
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Review Case Reports
Spinal epidural abscess presenting as intra-abdominal pathology: a case report and literature review.
Spinal epidural abscess is a rare infectious disease. However, if left unrecognized and untreated, the clinical outcome of spinal epidural abscess can be devastating. ⋯ However, early in its course, spinal epidural abscess can also present with vague and nondescript manifestations. In this report, we describe a case of spinal epidural abscess presenting as abdominal pain, and review the literature describing other cases of spinal epidural abscess presenting as intra-abdominal pathology.
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We identified factors associated with radiograph evaluation for patients who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with uncomplicated low back pain (LBP). Using 1998-2000 ED data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a multivariate analysis was performed to assess utilization of radiographs for LBP. ⋯ There is an increased probability of receiving a radiograph for those patients 40-70 years old, being seen at a metropolitan hospital, having private insurance, and being treated by a resident in training. Multiple factors are associated with the overuse of radiographs for patients presenting with uncomplicated LBP.
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We sought to determine Emergency Department (ED) patient preference for oral (p.o.), intramuscular (i.m.), or intravenous (i.v.) pain medication and patient expectations of time to medication effect by route. A prospective, observational study of 1276 patients presenting with painful illness or injury was performed in a university ED. Patient preferences were 66% p.o., 15% i.m., and 19% i.v. pain medication. ⋯ Despite these differences, a majority of patients in all groups preferred oral medications. There were no differences in preference based on ethnicity or gender. Patient expectations for time to pain medication effect were 27 min p.o. (95% CI 26-28), 12 min i.m. (95% CI 11-13), and 7.5 min i.v. (95% CI 6.9-8.0).